Transcriber Notes: 1 The surname Joseph listed here was later truncated or shortened to the contemporary Newfoundland Mi'kmaw patronym Joe in common usage today. 2 The patronym Cabish appears to be a variant of the New Brunswick and Quebec Mi'kmaw family name Cobage, also attested in numerous parish register entries in the variant forms Copeche, Cobech, Gobech, and de Cobecque respectively deriving historically from the Mi'kmaw family name Tkobeitch, from Mc tqopej 'twin'. Note that the Mc patronym Mary/Marie is also related to this family name. While this Mi'kmaw family name is relatively rare in published historical sources this does not preclude from the fact that it may have been more widespread in Newfoundland during the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. This family name may have become extinct in NL due to non-paternal events such as name change, back-migration, or a lack of males to pass on the hereditary family name. This patronym along with Vicar (sic.) as a variant of Vicaire noted below also suggests deep connections between the Restigouche Quebec and Newfoundland Mi'kmaq extended kin groups. This interrelationship attests to the widespread migratory hunting-trapping domain of mainland and Newfoundland Mi'kmaw groups during this era. Note also the connection of John Michel to this group, suggesting a possible link between the known Michel/Mitchell patriline of Restigouche with the Newfoundland one. 3 The John Michel as listed here may be the same Jean Michel Agathe/Aga as listed in numerous historical sources and parish registers. Other variants of this noted Newfoundland Mi'kmaw family name include Michael, Miguel, and Mitchell. 4 The surname Vicar (sic.) as as presented in this parish register entry may be a variant of the common family name Vicaire found in Restigouche, Quebec. 5 This appears to be a variant of Basque/Bask, also attested as Barss/Boss in numerous historical records. 6 This may be the same Jean Michel or John Mitchell as listed above and in other historical references. 7 Although somewhat illegible due to the nature of faded handwriting, this entry appears to suggest the NL Mc family name Bernard (perhaps from earlier Pekitualuet/Pikituaruet). Note that other variants of this family include Brunal, Brunnar, Bunard, etc. 8 The rarely attested Mc patronym Hartemay be a truncated variant of the Mc patronym du Harte, of French Basque origin, which in turn is related to the family name Le (De) Basque/Bask. 9 The patronym Gagea (sic.) as listed here may be a variant of the common Mc family name Googoo/Gougou and other variants. 10 Lewis Jean as listed here may be the same as John Lewis (Abenaki) as noted in various published records and parish registers, with reversion of the given and family names. 11 The family name Brazeal (sic) as listed here is an obvious othrographic or spelling variant of Brazil. 12 The surname Healy as presented in this entry appears to be a variant of the Mc family name Heli(e) or Elly, as found in earlier Saint-Pierre et Miquelon and Burin RC parish registers. 13 This surname may be the non-truncated form of the later attested patronym Toney, as if reflecting Antoine or Antoni. Mr. Murdoch is of the opinion, citing Nova Scotia Mi'kmaw oral traditions that the Toney and Pectougawack families were one and the same: "…in the year 1761, on the 15th October, as stated by Mr. Murdoch, a treaty of peace was signed in council with Jeanneoville Pectougawack (meaning Pictou-man), chief of the Indians of Pictouck and Malagoniche (Merigomish)…." [Patterson 1877:42] "We believe that the party was the same person afterward as Capt. Toney. He is said to have been a Frenchman, who adopted the mode of life of the Aborigines and had such influence over them that he was regarded as a high-chief, -…. that he spoke French well, English tolerably, besides Micmac,-… He was the ancestor of the present Toney family among the Micmac, and they assert that the treaty was made by him in the name of the tribe… [Patterson 1877:43] Source: Patterson, Rev. George. 1877. A History of the County of Pictou Nova Scotia. Montreal: Dwason Brothers. This said high-chief Jeanneoville Pectougawack (sic.) noted above is presumably the same chief as Jeannot Picklougawash [Piktukewa'j, lit. Pictou-person] listed as signator of the same treaty in other historical sources. Other references also give Jeannot Pekitualuet as signator of the 1761 Treaty of Peace signed at Belcher's Farm. By implication and reasoning one may infer that Jeanneoville Pectougawack, Jeannot Pickougawash, Jeannot Pekitualuet [Bernard] and Capt. Toney may well have all been the same individual. This provides an example where prominent Mi'kmaw leaders assumed multiple names during the same time period, where descendants later adopted different variants of the family names formerly in use. Coincidentally, the contemporary Bear River NS Pictou family line claim descent from two Bernard (perhaps former Pekitualuet) brothers who jumped ship while serving in the Navy and changed their names to Pictou respectively. © 2009 Dwayne Pike & NL GenWeb NL GenWeb