ALEXANDER, J. M., merchant, P. O. Hamburg; born March 14, 1838, in Williamsburg, Pennsylvania. In 1846 he moved with his parents to Clarion county, same state. In November, 1861, he enlisted in company H, 103d Pennsylvania, infantry, and served until February, 1863, when he was mustered out. He was commissioned second lieutenant when the company was organized. In March 1863, he was mustered in company D, 52d Pennsylvania infantry, but was mustered out in July of the same year. He was in the battles of Yorktown, Williamsburg, Fairoaks, and numerous other engagements. In January, 1867, he came to Iowa City and engaged in the mercantile business until 1870, when he came to Hamburg. Mr. Alexander was married October 20, 1859, to Miss Rebecca E. Alborson, by whom he has two children, one, E. A., living. He is and has been deeply interested in educational matters, and been president of the school board four years. In 1876 he was elected mayor, and in 1878, treasurer of the city of Hamburg, which office he now holds.

ATEN, WILLIAM L., book-keeper, P. O. Hamburg; born in Pennsylvania, in 1838. In 1852 moved with his parents to Ohio, where he grew to manhood, and was educated in the common schools and in Hayes' Institute, at Hayesville. Attended Bryant and Stratton's business College in Burlington, Iowa, where he studied book-keeping and commercial law. In 1862 he enlisted in company C, 42d Ohio, and served two years, when he was transferred to the 96th Ohio, and served with it until the close of the war. In 1869 he came to Sidney, and in 1870 to Hamburg. In 1870 he married Mary E. Scott, by whom he has one child: Clarence E.

BAKER, HENRY H., farmer, P. O. Hamburg; born March 4, 1827, in Sweden, Monroe county, New York. At the age of eighteen years he moved with his father's family to Michigan. In 1857 he came to Fremont county. He was married November 21, 1853, in Hillsdale county, Michigan, to Miss Matilda Sanford, by whom he had ten children: David S., Mary M., Sarah J., George A., Grace A., Clara, Edith, William G., and Ora M. Mr. Baker is an intelligent, whole-souled man, and enjoys the fullest confidence of all who know him.

BAKER, HENRY, farmer, P. O. Hamburg; born in Steuben county, New York, February 18, 1830, where he resided until fifteen years of age. He then moved to Branch county, Michigan, and engaged in farming until 1856. In 1857 he moved to Atchinson county, Missouri, and in 1858 came to this county. He was married in August 1856. By this marriage he became the father of eleven children, ten of whom are now living: Mary C., William F., Homer S., George W., Charles A., Angeline, Fannie A., Viola E., John C. and Jacob A. Mr. Baker was constable two years in Michigan. He owns a farm of 200 acres and an orchard of 1800 apple trees.

BORCHERS, AUGUSTUS, real estate broker, P. O. Hamburg; born in Hanover, Germany, August 26, 1817. When twenty years of age he immigrated to the United States, and located at Baltimore, where he remained two years. In connection with his brother he then purchased a stock of goods and came to the west, locating at Weston, Missouri, and began to trade with the Indians. He was in the Mexican war, having enlisted in James Craig's company C, Missouri mounted volunteers, May 15, 1847. He received an honorable discharge November 8, 1848, at Ft. Leavenworth. In 1850 Mr. Borchers came to Fremont county, and located at Sidney, being one of the first residents of the new town site. In 1857 Mr. Borchers purchased the land upon which Hamburg is now situated, an account of the founding of which may be gleaned from another page. He was married June 12, 1851, to Miss R. Nuckolls, a native of Virginia, who died March 1, 1869. They were the parents of ten children, five of whom are now living: Bettie L., Albert, Carrie, Florence and George.

BOOTON, C. W., auctioneer, P. O. Hamburg; born in Knox county, Illinois, May 14, 1844, where he grew to manhood. He enlisted in company A, eighty-third Illinois volunteer infantry, August 2, 1863, serving three years. He was in the battles of Fort Donaldson, Clarkesville, Nashville, Columbus, Franklin, Pulaski, and Athens, besides many minor engagements. Came to Hamburg in 1867. He was married July 24, 1870, to Miss M. Tindall, a native of Delaware. They have five children: Lillie M., Victor B. Cloy E., Mable, and Miles J. He is a member of Warren lodge 160, I.O.O.F. of Monmouth, Illinois. He is wealthy and intelligent, an exemplary citizen and genial gentleman.

BEACH, JAMES P., insurance agent, P. O. Hamburg; a native of Canada, born in 1853. Came to Illinois in 1857, and to Hamburg in 1868. He was married October 6, 1880, to Miss Eva Hewitt.

BOGAN, WILLIAM L., physician and surgeon, P. O. Hamburg; born in Pike county, Indiana, March 28, 1832. His father died when young Bogan was two and a half years of age, and he was bound out to an uncle. He was denied the advantages of school until thirteen years of age. He received an academic course of instruction at the Newberg Academy, in Indiana, and at Asbury University. In 1852 he began to read medicine. In 1853 entered Keokuk Medical College. Began to practice medicine in 1859, and in 1860 returned to Keokuk and graduated. He then returned to Indiana, and continued the practice of medicine until August 16, 1862, when he enlisted in company B, ninety-first Indiana volunteer infantry. After a service of eighteen months he returned to his native state and resumed the practice of medicine. In 1868 he moved to Vernon county, Missouri. In 1872 came to this county. He was married April 8, 1858 to Miss Cyrena M. Aust. They have seven children: Charles P., William S., Matilda C., Bertha M., Mary L., Nellie A., and James. Dr. Bogan is a Royal Arch Mason, and a member of I.O.O.F. and A.O.U.W.

BRAGG, THOMAS H., physician and surgeon, P. O. Hamburg; born in Linn county, Missouri, April 16, 1841. In 1861 he visited the gold fields of Colorado. Came to Fremont county in 1865, and in the fall of the same year began the study of medicine with Dr. Stevens, of Sidney. In the winter of 1867 and 1868 he attended a course of lectures at Ann Arbor, Michigan. In the spring of 1870 he graduated at Rush Medical College, Chicago. In 1875 he changed his practice from the old school to homeopathy. He was married October 22, 1874, to Miss Carrie Lair, a native of Kentucky. They have three children: Carrie I., Hubert H., and Ralph L. and an adopted son, Clarke Roe.

BROWN, JAMES, farmer, P. O. Hamburg; born in Warren county, Indiana, August 11, 1844. In 1847 came to this county. In 1864 he was married to Miss R. J. Slusher, a native of this county, and the daughter of an old settler. They have four children: Charles, George, Leonard D. and an infant. In 1861, Mr. Brown enlisted in company C, Fifth Missouri cavalry, serving two years, when he was mustered out.

BEACH, W. H., merchant, P. O. Hamburg; born in Canada West, in the year 1828, where he grew to manhood on a farm. In 1850 he came into the United States and located in Illinois, where he learned the carpenter's trade. In 1866 he came to this county. In 1877 he became one of the firm of J. B. Christian & Co. He was married in 1848 to Miss Sarah Boyd, by whom he had six children, five living: Sarah, James P., Albert H., Hattie and Frank.

BENTLEY, THOMAS J., farmer and merchant, P. O. Hamburg; born in Fayette county, Kentucky, July 21, 1829. In 1840 he became a resident of Boone county, Missouri, where he learned the carpenter's trade. In 1849 he was in the employ of M. U. Payne, and resided in New Orleans. In 1861 he came to Fremont county, having the previous years lost heavily - some $18,000.00 - as a result of the impending war. From 1861 to 1869 he followed farming. From 1869 to 1871 was engaged in the mercantile business at Sidney; from 1871 to 1875 was in Polk county, Missouri, when he again came to Fremont county. He was married April 27, 1866, to Miss Mary A. Barnes by whom he had eight children, five of whom are living: Thomas, Mary E., Nancy A., Lillian L. and James R. Has been intimately connected with the history of religion in this county as a member of the Baptist church.

BENNETT, J. S., farmer, section 18, P. O. Hamburg; born in Monroe county, Kentucky, November 18, 1838. He was raised on a farm and educated in a common school. In 1852 he removed to Sullivan county, Missouri, where he remained until 1854, learning in the meantime the trade of a blacksmith. In 1864 he came to Hamburg. In 1866 he returned to Sullivan county, Missouri, but in 1869 came again to this county where he has since remained. Was married February 13, 1862 to Miss Rachael Frasier. Mr. Bennett has held a number of township offices, and in 1880 was elected to that of justice of the peace.

BEEKSTEAD, SIMON P., Hamburg, Iowa, livery; born in Canada January 15, 1822, where he resided for ten years. He then came with his parents to Fulton county, Illinois, where he resided until 1842, when he became a resident of Hancock county, same state. In 1847 he came to this county, and has since resided here. He was married in September, 1844, to Miss Mary E. Corkins, by whom he has the following children: Maria, Sabre, Caroline, Matilda, Lizzie, Frank and Angeline. He married at the death of his first wife, Mrs. Mary E., whose maiden name was Beaston. She lived but ten months. He was married the third time to Mrs. Sarah A. Norman, in the autumn of 1865. He is now engaged in the livery business, and is an active enterprising business man.

BROWN, SAMUEL, farmer, section 30, P. O. Hamburg; born in Montgomery county, New York, November 14, 1800. In 1818 moved to Warren county, Pennsylvania. He learned the trades of carpenter and joiner, and of millwright. For fifteen years was a pilot on the Ohio river, from Pittsburg to Cincinnati. In 1839 moved to Warsaw, Illinois, and in May of the same year came to Lee county, Iowa where he resided until 1854, in which year he came to Fremont county. He was married January 26, 1823, to Miss Lavina Crippin. They have fourteen children, eleven now living: Samuel, Jr., Levy, Eunice, Hiram, Allen, Stephen, Dorcas, Laura, Catherine, Mary L. and John W. He has been intimately identified with the interests of education in his township and county, and held numerous offices of trust. He has been prominently identified with the interests of road-building, and for many years was road supervisor.

BISHOP, C. H., farmer, section 25, P. O. Hamburg; born in Knox county, Ohio, October 12, 1839, where he resided until 1846. He then moved with his father, who was a physician, to Marion county, Ohio, and remained three yers. In 1851 he went to Bureau county, Illinois, thence to Stark county, same state, where his mother died, thence to Henry county where he began life for himself. In 1856 he went to Missouri, but after a year returned to Canton, Illinois. In 1862, August 27, he enlisted in company G, 103d Illinois infantry. He was in the army three years and was often wounded. At the battle of Resaca he was twice struck, and in that at Kenesaw Mountain received three severe wounds. He was in one hundred and twelve skirmishes and twenty-four engagements. From the time of his muster out until coming to Fremont county in 1869, he was in various kinds of business and resided in various cities and states. He was united in marriage December 23, 1877, to Miss Susan E., daughter of Asa and Elizabeth Mann. They have one child Vera Vern, born September 5, 1878. Mrs. Bishop is a member of the M. E. church and Mr. B. of the A.O.U.W.

COOLBAUGH, H. C., music dealer, P. O. Hamburg; born in Pennsylvania in 1826, where he attained his majority and was educated. In 1853 he moved to Minnesota, and remained until 1859, when he returned to his native state. From 1861 to 1863 he was a resident of Illinois. In that year he enlisted in company H, 140th Illinois infantry. re-enlisted in battery G, 2d Illinois artillery in 1864. Served until the close of the war. In 1869 he came to Hamburg, and has resided here since. He was married in Rockford, Illinois, December 30, 1869, to Miss Hannah J. Adams. No children.

CHRISTIAN, J. B., merchant, P. O. Hamburg; born in Monroe county, Indiana, in 1847. When ten years old moved to Marshall county, Illinois. In 1868 came to Iowa and to this county. In 1874 engaged in the implement business. Married Miss Sarah Beach in 1871, by whom he has three children: Wilbur, Grace and an infant.

COOPER, JOHN, farmer, section 35, P. O. Hamburg; born in Brown county, Ohio, October 13, 1820. In 1821 accompanied his father's family to Mason county, Kentucky, where he remained until 1837, when his parents again moved, to Clay county Missouri. Here Mr. Cooper grew to manhood and was educated partially. In 1850 he came to this county and has since made it his home, and settled on the farm he now occupies. In 1874 he was a member of the state legislature, elected on the anti-monopoly ticket. He was married January 17, 1850, to Mrs. America Bruce, a native of Kentucky, whose maiden name was Singleton. By her first husband she had two children: Hattie J. and William W.

CLEVELAND, ANSON G., farmer, section 29, P. O. Hamburg; born in Berkshire county, Massachusetts, December 4, 1840, where he matured and was educated. In 1867 came to Iowa, and has been identified prominently with the interests of this county ever since. He is one of the directors of the K. C., St. J. & C. B. R.R. In 1868 he began farming and has followed that occupation ever since. He is a member of the A.O.U.W., and of the Iowa, Nebraska and Missouri Inter-state Fair Association. He is now township trustee and justice of the peace. He was married October 3, 1865, to Miss Ellen Babcock, by whom he has four children: William C., born November 4, 1867; Millicent C., born September 20, 1871; George H., born May 3, 1874; and Lucy M., born May 3, 1878

CARMAN, L. P., P. O. Hamburg, weaver and blacksmith; born in Pennsylvania, February 25, 1810. In 1813 went with his father's family to Tompkins county, New York. In 1828 moved to Seneca county, same state, and in 1838 to Sangamon county, Illinois. Came to Fremont county, Iowa, in 1855. In 1862 he moved to Hamburg and assumed the management of the old Hamburg House. After three years he removed to Sidney, and remained in that village three years, then returned to his farm. He was married in New York in November, 1834, to Miss Elizabeth Deral. They had ten children, six now living: Julia C., Henry, Adam, Solomon, Sarah E., and Mary J. Mrs. Carman died April 1, 1869. Mr. Carman married again January 4, 1871 to Miss Sarah Armstrong. they are the parents of two children, one - Elizabeth A. - living. He owns an excellent farm, and enjoys the most unlimited confidence of his fellow citizens.

DALBEY, J. W., attorney at law, P. O. Hamburg; born in Dayton, Indiana, April 12, 1838. In 1848 his parents moved to Poweshiek county, Iowa. When nineteen years of age he entered Antioch College, in Ohio remaining one year, when he began the study of law. He was admitted to the bar in 1859. Enlisted in company E, 4th Iowa cavalry in September, 1861; was discharged in December, 1864; was in the battle and siege of Vicksburg and in all the other engagements in which his regiment participated. He came to Hamburg in 1871. He was married in March, 1867, to Miss Sarah F. Drain, by whom he has one child: Eugenie T. born April 4, 1868

ELLIS, WILLIAM R., attorney at law, P. O. Hamburg; a native of Montgomery county, Indiana, where he was born April 23, 1850. In 1855 he came with his parents to Iowa, and located in Guthrie county, where was laid, in the common school, the foundation of his education. From the age of eighteen to twenty-one he taught school. In 1873 he began the study of law in the State University at Iowa City, from which he graduated in 1874. In 1875 he entered upon the practice of his profession with Col. S. D. Nichols, of Panora. In June of 1876, he came to Fremont county, and formed a business partnership with W. G. Read, which was continued until three years since. In 1879, he was editor of the Hamburg Republican. In 1878 he was elected city solicitor, which office he held for two years. In 1880 he became the mayor of Hamburg, which office he now holds. He was married March 31, 1880, to Miss Jennie B. Edwards, a native of Rock Island, Illinois.

GILLMAN, FRANK, merchant, P. O. Hamburg; born September 10, 1838, in Germany. He came with his parents to the United States in 1846, and located in Illinois. In 1867 he came to Iowa and located in Hamburg, entering the mercantile business. Mr. Gillman was married July 28, 1869, to Miss Emma Birkby, by whom he has seven children, five living: Edwin, Iowa S., Elizabeth L., Lola, and Mary E. Mr. Gillman is the oldest merchant in Hamburg, and has been remarkably successful.

GIBSON, JOHNSON, farmer, section 30, P. O. Eastport; born in November, 1841, in Washington county, Kentucky. When thirteen years of age moved with his father's family to Andrew county, Missouri, where he spent his youth laboring on a farm. In 1865, Mr. Gibson came to Iowa, and has since been a resident of this county. He was married in April, 1865, to Miss Howard, a native of Massachusetts, by whom he has five children: Jonas, Jewett, Robert, Oscar and Effie. Mr. Gibson enlisted in 1865 in the Federal army at Denver City, in company A, third Colorado cavalry. He followed all the fortunes of that regiment until he was mustered out. He has been a school director for a number of years.

HAMMOND, J. M., attorney at law, P. O. Hamburg; a native of Vermilion county, Indiana, born June 1, 1850. He was educated in the common school, but his attendance upon that was limited to six months. The major part of his education was obtained through his own unaided efforts. He came to Iowa in 1870, and located in Hamburg, where he began the study of law with W. A. Stow in 1871. In the spring of 1873 he was admitted to the bar by Judge J. R. Reed, and the same year he formed a partnership with Mr. Stow. He was married April 16, 1876, to Miss Florence B. Jones, a native of Michigan. They are the parents of two children: Clarence C. and Frank.

HOLMES, SAMUEL H., attorney at law, P. O. Hamburg; born near Manchester, England, January 1, 1839, came to the United States in 1844, and located in Putnam county, Illinois. When fourteen years of age he moved to La Salle county, same state, where he received an academical education. In 1866 he began the study of law and graduated from the State University in 1868. He was married March 12, 1864, to Miss Sarah B. Hewitt, by whom he had nine children, four living: Abraham L., William T., Mary E. and Jesse G. Mr. Holmes is a man of great moral and mental work and most genial qualities of mind. His portrait shows him to be a man of decision and great strength of character. He is the author of the "Township Laws of Iowa" and has been U. S. commissioner since 1869. He organized and superintended the first Sabbath school ever held in Hamburg, in 1866.

HEWITT, S. M., merchant, P. O. Hamburg; born in Maine in June, 1842, where he grew to man's estate. He is a mechanic by trade. In 1868 he went to Colorado, and 1869 to Nebraska, working on bridges. Came to Hamburg in the fall of 1871. In the same year he married Miss Maria Keene by whom he had five children, three living: Frank M., Lenora and Walter E. Mr. Hewitt is a member in high standing among the A.F. & A.M. of Hamburg.

HANSON, W. D., merchant, P. O. Hamburg; born in Ohio, in 1844, where he attained his majority. In 1866 he moved to La Porte, Indiana. In 1868 came to Clinton county, Iowa, and 1869 to Hamburg this county. He was married in 1872 to Sarah C. Botts, by whom he has one child: Charles.

HILGER, MICHAEL, farmer, section 25, P. O. Hamburg; born in Luxemburg, Germany, May 6, 1836, in the schools of which country he was educated. Mr. Hilger speaks two, and reads four languages. In 1854 he came to America, and located in Jackson county, Iowa, where he engaged in farming until 1863. In 1870 he became a resident of Fremont county. He was married in Jackson county, Iowa, May 14, 1859, to Miss Elizabeth Medinger, a native of Germany, born June 12, 1837. They are the parents of nine children, seven of whom are living; Daniel A., Mary A., William J., Antony M., Lucy A., Joseph H. and Leo J. Mr. Hilger owns a farm of 200 acres, the product of years of faithful and patient toil.

HOOVER, GEORGE, blacksmith, P. O. and residence Hamburg; born in Stark county, Ohio, in the year 1818, where he reached manhood's estate and received a common school education. When sixteen years of age he learned his trade, that of blacksmithing. In 1859 he came to Iowa and located in Decatur county. In 1867 he came to Fremont county and located at Hamburg, where he has since resided. He was married in 1839 to Miss Polly A. Hackalaman, a native of Indiana, who died in 1847, leaving four children: Thomas, Martha A., Eliza J. and Evaline. He was married a second time in 1848 to Miss Eliza Bear, who died in 1873, leaving two children: John L. and George N. In 1873 he married Rachel A. Stephenson, by whom he has three children: Anna, James and Margaret.

JACOBS, SAMUEL, real estate broker, P. O. Hamburg; born March 7, 1821, in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, where he matured. His education was received in the common school and Harrisburg academy. For the first ten years of his business life he was a civil engineer. He came to Iowa in 1846, engaging in the same business on the Des Moines river. In 1856 he moved to Council Bluffs; in the winter of 1868 and '69 came to Hamburg as land agent for the C.B. & St. J. railroad. From 1865 to 1869 he was secretary of the same railroad company and paymaster in the years 1866-7-8. He was married September 20, 1849, to Miss Anna M. Meyers, by whom he has eight children, six living: Eliza H., Mary H., Anna M., Sarah H., Isabella S. and Henrietta H. He has held many positions of trust and honor in this and other coounties, and is a man greatly esteemed and worthy of all confidence.

JONES, F. A., farmer, section 21, P. O., Hamburg; born in Calhoun county, Michigan, Februry 10, 1842, where he resided until 1866, when he came to Fremont county, Iowa. He enlisted in 1862 in company M, 5th Michigan, and served three years. He was married February 5, 1868, to Miss Catharine McCracken, by whom he has four children: Edgar I., Esther, Smith and F. A. Mrs. Jones is a member of the M. E. church. He is a member of the A.F. and A.M., and A.O.U.W. He has served his township as assessor, road-supervisor and school director.

LOVELADY, WILLIAM M., farmer, section 6, P. O. Riverton; born October 18, 1811, in the state of Tennessee. In 1837 he moved to Jackson county, Missouri, and in 1842, to Platt county, same state. He came to this county in 1842, being thus one of the oldest settlers in the county of Fremont. He was married in Platt county, Missouri, May 4, 1841, to Sarah A. Thomas. They were the parents of nine children, five living: Andrew J., Sarah, James M., Elizabeth, and John A. Mrs. Lovelady died September 4, 1868.

LOVELAND, ADELIA, farmer, section 25, P. O. Hamburg; Mrs. Loveland is a daughter of Chauncey and Maria Cowles, and widow of Darwin Loveland. She was born in Gallia county, Ohio, April 9, 1843, and resided there until six years of age. She then came with her father's family to Fremont county, Iowa. She married Mr. Loveland October 30, 1859. He was born in Ohio, October 12, 1830, and came to Iowa in 1857. They were the parents of nine children, eight now living: Louisa, born February 24, 1861; Amy M., born September 24, 1862; Charles A., born November 12, 1863; Sarah A., born November 8, 1865; Frank, born October 27, 1867; Mary E., born August 8, 1869; Lillian, born March 29, 1871; and Ida, born March 25, 1873. Her husband held several township offices, and was a most successful farmer. He was an encampment member of the I.O.O.F. He died February 8, 1877. The farm of Mrs. Loveland comprises some 240 acres of good land.

MARTIN, GEO. H., stock-dealer and farmer, P. O. Hamburg; born in Moultrie county, Ill., in 1820. Moved to Davis county when nine years old, and one year later went to Monroe county, and lived there until 1859. Went to California in 1861, and enlisted in company B, Fifth California infantry, and served for five months. He then went to New Mexico, and remained over three years and fought against the rebels and Indians. Mustered out at Los Pinos, New Mexico, September 15, 1866. Came from thence to Hamburg in 1867, and has been engaged in the stock business ever since. He was married first on August 22, 1867, to Miss Susan Cooper, but had no children. Was married in April, 1873 to Miss Ella Lemon, of Ashtabula county, Ohio. They have one child: Grace S., born January 24, 1874. He owns a farm of 185 acres in Franklin township and houses and lots in Hamburg. He is a "hale fellow, well met," and has hosts of friends.

MAPES, THOMAS M., farmer, section 28, P. O. Hamburg; born in Pennsylvania in 1822. In 1838 moved to Virginia, thence to Kentucky, and to Fremont county in 1858. He was married in 1848 to Miss Martha Swaney, a native of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania. They have six children living: Eugene, Francis M., Laura, Alexander, Hortense and Miron. He has always been identified with the common school, and been a member of the I.O.O.F. for 30 years.

MASON, W. S., physician and surgeon, P. O. Hamburg; born in Wayne county Indiana, August 9, 1850. At the age of seven years came with his parents to Henry county, Iowa, where he remained until 1863, when the family again moved, this time to Fremont county. His education was begun in the common school and completed in Mt. Pleasant academy. His professional education was obtained at the Rush Medical College, Chicago, from which he graduated February 24, 1880, but he had been practicing some two years prior to his graduation. He is a man of unimpeachable chracter and a fine medical education; both skillful and successful as a physician.

MOORE, REV. J. CRAWFORD, Watson, Atchinson county, Missouri; born in Washington county, East Tennessee, December 13, 1848. The foundation for the education of Mr. Moore was laid in the common school. He entered Greenville and Tusculum College in Green county, Tennessee, in the fall of 1870, remaining until April, 1875, when the degree of B. S. was conferred on him In September, 1875, he entered Cumberland University, Lebanon, Tennessee, remaining five months, taking the course in theology. In April of 1875 he was made a member of Knoxville Cumberland Presbytery. In January of the following year he went to Watson, Missouri, and was licensed to preach the following February. He was ordained August 24, 1877. He at once entered upon the regular work in Watson, Missouri, and McKissick's grove, in Fremont county, Iowa. Mr. Moore was married in east Tennessee, April 15, 1879, to Miss Mary A. Sturm. Mr. Moore is a Master Mason, and a popular and effective preacher of his faith.

McCRACKEN, J. T., farmer, section 31, P. O., Harrisburg; born in Hendricks county, Indiana, January 15, 1850; came with his father's family to Fremont county in 1855, where he has since resided. He was married, October 25, 1874, to Miss Alice Shirley, by whom he has three children: Orville L., Lyda, and an infant. Mr. McCracken and wife are both members of the M. E. church.

NIES, PHILIP, proprietor Hamburg brewery; born in Germany, August 31, 1838. When eleven years of age came to America with his father's family, and located in St. Clair county, Illinois. In 1867 he came to Fremont county. He was married January 15, 1864, to Miss Catherine Scharf who was born in Germany, November 23, 1843. They are the parents of nine children, six of whom are now living: Elizabeth, Sopha, John H., Fred and Charles. Mr. Nies is a member of the I.O.O.F. and a Knight of Pythias. He is a member of the German Lutheran church, as also is his wife.

NIES, HENRY, farmer, P. O. Hamburg; born in Germany, July 18, 1834. In 1849 came to America, which he reached after a voyage of forty-eight days. He began farming in St. Claire county, Illinois, where he remained four and a half years. In the autumn of 1854 he came to Fremont county. He was married November 29, 1859, to Miss Margaret Murback, a native of Switzerland, born July 29, 1837. They have eight children: Elizabeth, Catherine, Margaret, Henry, Mary, Jacob, Philip and Gustave. He commenced life with nothing, but by industry and economy has gained a fine farm of 200 acres.

NEWMAN, H. A., dentist, P. O. Hamburg; born in Louisiana, in 1843, in the common schools of which state he was educated, and in a private high school in New Orleans, from which he graduated in the spring of 1861. In the summer of the same year he enlisted in company C., third Louisiana volunteer infantry and served until the close of the war. At the siege of Vicksburg he was promoted for gallant conduct from the rank of a private to that of first lieutenant. He was in every engagement in which his regiment participated. At the battle of Iuka he was wounded in the left ankle. From 1868 to 1870 he was in various cities and states. In 1870 he went to Falls City, Nebraska, and remained until 1879, when he came to Hamburg. He was married November 9, of the same year, to Mrs. Hulda Benge a native of Wisconsin. She has one child by her first husband: Robert.

NIX, R. F., city marshal, P. O. Hamburg; born in Georgia in 1843. In 1859 he moved to Kentucky and had, until 1865, no abiding place. In that year he located in Hamburg. He has been engaged in building railroads, and in the mercantile business for a number of years. In 1870 he was deputy sheriff of the county. Married Miss Mary Taylor in 1867. They have six children: George E., Robert L., Estella, Virginia, Russell and Franklin.

ORCUTT, H. E., merchant, P. O. Hamburg; born in New York in 1852. While he was a child his parents moved to Massachusetts, where Mr. Orcutt grew to manhood and was educated. In 1873 he went to Missouri, and in 1879 came to this county and town. In 1876 he married Miss Mary Ow??go by whom he has two children: Eva and Harry.

PARKHURST, E. N., mail contractor, P. O. Hamburg; born June 17, 1840, in Effingham county, Illinois. In infancy he went to Johnson county with his father's family. In July, 1861, he enlisted in company K, 22nd Indiana infantry and served nine months. He was wounded in the left hand at Glasgow, Missouri, and was at the battle of Pea Ridge. He re-enlisted in Missouri, in company A, 9th Indiana cavalry, and served until May 26, 1865. He was in the army of the Cumberland and saw service in Tennessee, north Alabama, and Georgia. He was in the action of Sulphur Trestle, Tennessee, where he distinguished himself by riding for reinforcements to Pulaski, Tennessee, while the stockade was surrounded by the forces of Wheeler and Faust. He was wounded by a sabre cut near Athens, Alabama, and shot through the left ankle at Linnviulle, Tennessee, September 4, 1864. This wound never healed, but caused him great suffering. It was amputated November 1, 1873. In 1866 he went to Union county, Missouri; in 1871 to Norwich county, Nebraska, and came to Hamburg, November 1, 1878. He was married November 29, 1859, to Elizabeth Rairdon, by whom he has four children: William R., Emma G., John C., and Alvah T.

PAYNE, JOHN, farmer, section 13, P. O. Hamburg; born in Monroe county, Kentucky, December 27, 1837, where he was raised on a farm and educated in the common school. He resided in Monroe county until 1851, when he moved to Linn county, Missouri. In 1853 he went to Sullivan county; in 1862 moved to Nebraska City, and in 1863 came to this county. He was married in Sullivan county, Missouri, September 5, 1859, to Miss Elizabeth Frazier. They are the parents of seven children: Amanda, Victoria, Percy W., Reuben, Benjamin, Tena, and Zella M. Mr. Payne is serving his second term as a member of the board of supervisors. His farm comprises four hundred acres of excellent land, and well cultivated.

PAYNE, MOSES U., farmer and manufacturer, section 1, P. O. Hamburg; born in Woodford county, Kentucky, October 25, 1807, where he matured, and was educated in the city schools of Versailles. In 1826 went to Madison, Indiana, and engaged in the manufacture of cotton. In 1828 moved to Columbia, Boone county, Missouri, and entered the mercantile business in connection with his brother, J. N. Payne. In 1850 went to New Orleans as a cotton and sugar commission merchant, in which business he continud until 1858. Forseeing the war he began to purchase land north of Mason and Dixon's line. In Kansas and Nebraska he located some 15,000 acres and on the Missouri bottom in this state owns some 14,000 acres. Mr. Payne is one of the extensive land holders in the west, and his farming is all done on a most extensive scale. His farms are divided and rented, thus insuring him both speedy and remunerative returns. His residence is on the "home farm" in Missouri. He was married in June, 1829, to Miss Mary D. White, a native of Virginia, who died January 28, 1858, having been the mother of three children, one - Jacob A. - now living. Mr. Payne married again September 12, 1867 to Miss S. H. Patton, by whom he has two children, Sarah M., born, August 11, 1868, and Moses M. born March 8, 1872. Mr. Payne and wife are members of the M. E. Church south, with the interests of which, as a minister, he has been identified for over forty years. He has been deeply interested in the Sunday work, and in the cause of education, giving liberally to endow and maintain several colleges in Missouri. His gifts are all privately made, with no ostentation whatever. Three years ago he gave 4000 acres of land to the M. E. Female College at Little Rock, Arkansas, and the same liberality has everywhere and always characterized him.

PAYNE, JACOB A., P. O. Lexington, Missouri; a son of Moses U. Payne, born in Boone county, Missouri, March 26, 1843. He was educated in the common school, and was three years in Moore's Hill College in Dearborne county, Indiana. The president and a part of the faculty entering the army the college was closed before his graduation. From 1850 to 1858 he resided in New Orleans. From 1861 to 1873, he has resided in Fremont county, acting as agent for his father in the management of the large Payne estate. In 1873 he went to Missouri to engage in farming until 1877. From that year until the present time he has been traveling. He was married June 7, 1866, to Miss Bettie M. Wooldridge. They are the parents of two children, one living: Mary S., born February 15, 1868. He is a member of the A.F. and A.M. The Paynes are among the oldest and most respectable families of Kentucky, of which state they became residents shortly after Daniel Boone settled at Boonsborough.

REUDY, ANDREW, farmer, P. O. Hamburg; born in Switzerland, December 27, 1846. In 1858 he emigrated to America and came directly to Fremont county. His education, which had been commenced in his native land, he finished in the common school, and in Quincy Seminary in Illinois. He was married October 3, 1869, to Miss Elizabeth Giesler, born July 10, 1841 in Germany. They are the parents of four children, three living: Charles J. H., Walter W., and Lydia E.; Edwin F. died July 22, 1879. Mr. Ruedy and wife are members of the German M. E. church.

REUDY, JACOB, farmer, P. O. Hamburg; born in Switzerland, June 24, 1832, where he was educated. He came to America in 1850. From the time of landing in the new world, until October, 1857, when he came to Fremont county, he lived in New York, Ohio, Louisiana and Canada. He was married February 18, 1861, to Miss Mary H. Ruedy - no relative, however, who was born in Switzerland, July 1, 1828. They had two children, one now living, Caroline L., born February 2, 1864, and Mary M., deceased, September 9, 1867. Mr. Ruedy began life a poor man, but has by industry and honesty acquired a competency.

READ, W. G., attorney and editor Hamburg Republican, P. O., Hamburg; born July 10, 1844, in New Brunswick. In 1848 his parents came to the United States and located in Illinois, where Mr. Reed was educated in the common and high schools. In August, 1862, he enlisted in company B, 124th Illinois Infantry, and served until the close of the war. He was wounded at Cold Water, and on account of the wound there received was discharged. On recovering, however, he entered the quartermaster's department, at Nashville, Tennessee. He was admitted to the bar in 1870, by the supreme court of Illinois. In April of 1871 he came to Hamburg and began the practice of his profession, until 1880 when he became proprietor and editor of the Hamburg Republican. Mr. Read was married February 14, 1869, to Miss Amelia Madison, a native of Ohio, by whom he has four children, three living: Louis E., Farlie M. and Clement E.

RICHARDS, A. D., merchant, P. O. Hamburg; born in Canada West in 1840. In 1853 he came to the United States, to Chicago. He remained in the state of Illinois until the spring of 1858 when he moved to St. Louis, to remain but a year. In 1868 he moved to Hamburg, and opened the first clothing store ever started in that place. He was married Februry 19, 1871, to Miss Lamoureux.

SCHNEIDER, RUDOLPH, farmer, P. O. Hamburg; born in Switzerland, February 6, 1820. Came to America in 1847, and located in Richland county, Ohio. In 1857 moved to Atchinson county, Missouri, near the Iowa line, when, after a residence of eighteen months, he moved into Fremont county, Iowa. He was married in Richland county, Ohio, near Mansfield, June 11, 1848, to Miss Sarah Thoms. They have three children living: John, Elizabeth and Mary A. Those deceased are Rudolph (died December 14, 1857), Rebecca (died Mrch 26, 1860), and Matthew (died in July, 1865). Mrs. S. was born in Ohio, November 19, 1819, where she resided until she married and came to the west. Mr. Schneider was in military service for seven years in the old country. He is a member of the Evangelical Methodist church.

SHEPHERD, J. C., merchant, P. O. Hamburg; a native of eastern Ohio, where he was born in 1836. At the age of twenty-five years he engaged in the mercantile business, which he has followed from that time to the present. He was married in 1874 to Miss Lydia Brundige, by whom he has one child. Mr. Shepherd has been a resident of the west for the past twelve years, residing in Plattsburg and Gallatin, Missouri, until February of 1880, when he came to Hamburg. He is of Scotch-Irish descent, his parents having emigrated to this country in very early times and locating in Ohio; they contributed largely to the development of their adopted state. they died but a few rods from the spot where they built their first log cabin, after a life together of sixty years.

ST. CLAIR, P., postmaster, and editor of Fremont Times; born July 14, 1835, in Sullivan county, Indiana, where he attained his majority. He was educated in the common schools and in the Illinois Wesleyan University, from which he graduated in 1854. He at once entered the ministry and has continued to minister until the present time. Mr. St. Clair came to Iowa in 1867, and was pastor to various churches in the state. He came to Hamburg in 1877, and became proprietor and editor of the Fremont Times. He was chaplain of the Eighty-first Indiana volunteer regiment during the war. In December, 1878, he was appointed postmaster, and still holds that office. He was married, March 26, 18--, to Miss L. J. Trimkle, by whom he had five children, two living: Wilbur F., and Stella.

STOW, W. A., attorney at law, and editor Iowa State News; was born in Waybridge, Vermont, July 8, 1842. In 1853 he went to Whiteside, Illinois with his father's family. In 1857 went to Wisconsin, and in 1859 came to Iowa, locating in Clayton county. He began to read law in May, 1861, with Hunt & Murdock, of Elkader, Iowa. In July, 1863, he enlisted in company I, Eighth Iowa cavalry, and served until the close of the war, being honorably discharged in the spring of 1865. Mr. Stow was admitted to the bar July 7, 1866, by Judge Fairfield. In March of 1870 he came to Hamburg. In 1873, he formed a partnership with J. M. Hammond, which has continued until the present time. He was married July 5, 1868, to Miss Eliza M. Tyler, a native of Ohio. They are the parents of three children: Carl V., Frank M., and Fred. The political history of Mr. Stow has been one of unusual moment. In 1868, the Democracy of the twelfth district nominated him as district attorney, but he was defeated. In 1872 he was a member of the fourteenth general assembly of the state of Iowa, serving in both its regular and extra sessions. In the years 1875 and 1878 he was elected mayor of the city of Hamburg. In 1876 he was a delegate to the democratic convention at St. Louis, and in 1880 an elector on the national democratic presidential ticket. He has always been interested in eduction. He is a member of the Hamburg school board and in 1877 was appointed by Governor Kirkwood, one of the trustees of the state normal school.

SMITH, WILLIAM N., merchant, P. O. Hamburg; a native of Virginia, born May 9, 1829. In 1850 became a resident of Baltimore, Maryland, and was employed as clerk. In 1854 went to Texas, and then came to Sidney, Iowa. From this time until 1863, he was in various places, but in that year he came to Hamburg, and has since been engaged in the mercantile business. He was married in 1858 to Miss Hannah A. Moore, native of Indiana. They are the parents of eleven children, six now living: Imogene A., Estella H., Blanch, William M., Harry and Arthur. Mr. Smith is a respected member of the community in which he lives, and a successful business man. He is a member of the A.F.& A.M., and the I.O.O.F.

SWIGGART, D. W., physician and surgeon, P. O. Hamburg; born in Ohio, December 23, 1830. In 1845 went with his father's family to Sullivan county, Missouri. When seventeen years of age he began to teach school and followed that occupation until twenty-four years of age. He then began the study of medicine, and graduated from the St. Louis Medical College. In 1865 he located in Hamburg, being the first physician in the place. He was married March 26, 1876, to Miss Julia Coffie, a native of Iowa. They have two children: Loleta and Frank. Dr. Swiggart enlisted in 1861 in fourth Missouri regiment, confederate army, as assistant surgeon. He served the "lost cause" manfully until the close of the war, and then accepted the result. He is a member of the A.F. & A.M. and of the K. T.

SWANEY, JAMES, farmer, P. O. Hamburg; born June 24, 1849, in the state of Ohio. In 1855, he came to this county with his parents, James and Rosana Swaney. He was here educated and has made his own fortune.

SCOTT, JOHN C., farmer, section 26, P. O. Hamburg; born August 30, 1813, in the state of Kentucky, where he attained man's estate and was educated. In 1838 he moved to Platt county, Illinois, where he lived until March 3, 1842, when he came to and located in Fremont county. He was married in 1837, to Miss Malinda Call, by whom he has seven children: Elizabeth A., Sarah J., George W., Mary A., Malinda, Caroline C., Stephen A., living, and four deceased. He was judge of Atchinson county, Missouri, before the state of Iowa was organized. He came here at an early day and knows full well the hardships of pioneer life.

WILDBERGER, JOHN, farmer, P. O. Hamburg; born in Switzerland, July 15, 1826. He was educated in Switzerland, where he resided until fifteen years of age. In the autumn of 1841 he first set foot on American soil. Shortly after landing in New Orleans, he was afflicted with the yellow fever, which left him in a sad condition. In the spring of 1842 he went to St. Louis, and then to Madison county, Illinois. In 1847 enlisted in third regiment Missouri mounted volunteers, and engaged in the Mexican war. He was discharged in 1848, from which year until 1853, he resided in various places and engaged in various kinds of business. In the year last named he came to Fremont county. He was married February 25, 1854, to Anna B. Uhlinger, by whom he had ten children, nine living: Catherine A., Martha, John, George W., Emma B., Albert A., Herman F., Henry H., and Clara E. The wife of Mr. Wildberger was born in Switzerland, April 26, 1833, and came to America in 1852.

WYNN, C. H., attorney at law, P. O. Hamburg; born April 23, 1848, in Monroe county, New York. He was left an orphan at the age of seven years. He enlisted, April 1, 1862, in company I, Thirty-fifth Illinois, being then less than fourteen years of age. He was honorably discharged April 1, 1865. He was wounded in the neck at the battle of Stone river, and taken prisoner at the same place, but was re-captured three days later. His education was received at the University of Michigan, at Ann Arbor. Mr. Wynn was admitted to the bar in February, 1870, and in the spring of the same year came to Hamburg, and began the practice of law. In July, 1877, he formed a partnership with his brother, W. S. Wynn, which has since continued. He was married, January 1, 1871, to Miss Euphemia A. Ritenhouse, a native of Pennsylvania. They re the parents of four children: Carrie E., Wilbur W., Harmon R. and Ross.

WYNN, W. S., attorney at law, P. O. Hamburg; born January 25, 1850, in Monroe county, New York. His parents died when Mr. Wynn was but five years of age. He then went to live with his grandfather, with whom he remained until eleven years of age, when he began to care for himself. When fourteen years of age he went to Indianapolis, and resided with an uncle, earning his living by the delivery of the daily morning papers, and at the same time attending the high school. When seventeen years of age he went into the book business with an Indianapolis firm, remaining with them five years. He then engaged in the same business in New York, with Pott, Young & Co., for two years, when he returned to his old employers in Indianapolis. In 1877 he came to Hamburg and formed a partnership with his brother, having been admitted to the bar in June of the year that he came west. He was married, June 25, 1879 to Miss Kate Stock.

WOOD, W. H., merchant, P. O. Hamburg; a native of Kenucky where he was born in 1832. In the fall of 1833 moved to Missouri, and was there educated. In 1860 came to Sidney, Iowa, and in 1878 moved to Hamburg. He was married in 1854 to Miss Hattie A. Dale, by whom he had five children, three now living: William R., Fannie L. and Frederick. Mr. Wood is an active thoroughly reliable business man, and is remarkably successful.

WOHLGAMUTH, J., merchant, P. O. Hamburag; born in West Virginia in 1829. In 1834 moved to Indiana in which he resided until 1868. In June of that year he came to Iowa and located in Benton county. In the year following he moved to Page county, and in 1870 came here. Since his residence in Hamburg he has been in business of various kinds. He enlisted in company C, 118th Indiana volunteers, in August, 1863, serving until March 1, 1864. He was married in 1854 to Miss Rebecca A. Pettinger, by whom he had three children, two now living: Ellen J. and Mary I.

WHITE, H. F., insurance agent, P. O. Hamburg; born in New Hampshire, June 17, 1844, where he grew to manhood and was educated in the common school. In 1863 he went to Boston, Indiana, and worked at book-keeping for three years. He then went to Nebraska City, in the same capacity, in the Otoe County National Bank. In 1868 he opened a bank in Hamburg, Fremont county. In 1875 he went to Atlantic, remaining there two years in the same business, when he returned to Hamburg. Married Miss H. L. Hanford, in 1869. They have one child: Florence.

WILKERSON, MRS. SARAH F., farmer, section 24, P. O. Hamburg; Mrs. Wilkerson is a daughter of L. and Elizabeth Carman, and widow of Jesse S. Wilkerson. She was born in Mason county, Illinois, February 2, 1842. She came to Fremont county when thirteen years of age, and has resided here ever since. She married Jesse S. Wilkerson April 10, 18--, who was a native of Jefferson county, Indiana, born April 10, 1831. Mr. Wilkerson entered the army in 1864, and was discharged in July 1865. He died December 12, 1869, from an injury. As a result of this union seven children were born to them, five of whom are now living: Mary E., born December 17, 1849; Harriet E., born May 23, 1862; Jennie, born December 31, 1864; Frank L., born May 25, 186-; and Jesse L., born November 26, 1869.

WILKERSON, BENJAMIN O., farmer, section 5, P. O. Hamburg; born in St. Joseph county, Indiana, January 3, 1836, where he resided until the spring of 1852, when he came to Fremont county. He remained however, but a year, when he went to California. He returned to Fremont in 1857. He was married in Atchinson county, Missouri, August 10, 1863 to Miss Isabella Duncan. They have two children: Fannie and Ellen. Mrs. Wilkerson died May 9, 1873. Mr. Wilkerson enlisted in April, 1862, in company C, 5th regiment M. S. M. He was mustered out after a service of sixteen months. He is a member of the A. F. & A. M. and A. O. U. W. He has held several township offices, and has been a member of the board of supervisors.

YOWELL, W. J., proprietor Hamburg House; was born February 22, 1844, in the state of Kentucky. In 1849 his parents went to Illinois and located in McCoupin county. In 1864 Mr. Yowell came to Hamburg and engaged in the mercantile business, in conjunction with H. H. Baker. At the expiration of two years having received the appointment of Postmaster at Hamburg, he disposed of his interest to his partner. He held this office for a period of three years. In the spring of 1880 he became the manager of the Hamburg House. Mr. Yowell was married December 25, 1867, to Miss Elizabeth P. Farmer, by whom he has five children, four living: Angelo, Thomas, James and Bessie.