Biographies
Charles E. Yates, or Colonel Yates, as he
is popularly known throughout Joplin and Jasper county, is
proprietor of the Yates Hotel, at Joplin, one of the most
convenient and strictly up-to-date hostelries in the southwest. A
native son of Missouri, Colonel Yates was born in Callaway
county, this state, on the 11th of December, 1850, and he is a
scion of an old Blue Grass family of long standing. His parents,
John T. and Elizabeth (Wiggs) Yates,
were both born and reared in Kentucky, whence they removed to
Callaway county, Missouri, in the year 1937. The father was a
farmer and mule-trader by occupation, and he was engaged in that
line of work in the south until 1860. He died in April, 1865. The
mother passed into the “great beyond” in 1888. They
were the parents of five children, of whom the subject of this
review was the youngest in order of birth and of whom he alone is
living.
To the public schools of Fulton and Richland, in
Callaway county, Missouri, Colonel Yates is indebted for his
preliminary educational training. As a young man he turned his
attention to farming and stock-raising in Carroll county and for
a time he gained distinction as a particularly successful
auctioneer. About the year 1900 he became deeply interested in a
number of mining projects in Jasper county, whither he had come
at that home and subsequently, in 1902, he became owner of the
Yates Hotel, which was established also in 1902. This hotel is
strictly modern in every respect and its airy, clean rooms,
combined with its excellent table board, make it unusually
popular with the traveling public. During the strenuous period of
the Civil war a great deal of guerrilla warfare was carried on in
the vicinity of Colonel Yates’ home in Callaway county,
Missouri, and at that time he became personally acquainted with
Quantrell, the James Boys and the Younger Brothers. In his
political convictions he accords an unswerving allegiance to the
principles and policies for which the Democratic party stands
sponsor, and he is a very active supporter of Jeffersonian
principles. In 1891 he was honored by his fellow citizens with
election to the office of constable of Carrolton township, in
Carroll county, and he served with all of efficiency in that
connection for a period of six years.
At Carrollton, Missouri, on the 1st of January, 1884,
was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Yates to Miss Emma
Averill, a daughter of George P. and
Maria Averill, and a native of Nebraska. This union
was prolific of five children, whose names are here entered in
respective order of birth, - Mary Averill, Caroline Ellen,
Josephine, Yola and Jack T., the latter two
of whom are deceased. Mary A. Yates became the wife of
Edwin Neeley Cunningham and they reside at 606 North
Moffit, Joplin, Missouri, and Caroline E. married Russell
Wood James and they maintain their home at Green Bay,
Wisconsin. Colonel and Mrs. Yates have two grandchildren,
George E. and Emilie Cunningham. In
their religious faith the Yates family are consistent members of
the Baptist church, in the different departments of whose work
they are most active factors.
Colonel Yates is very popular with the towns people and
traveling public. He is a fluent conversationalist, versatile and
witty, and has no end of short stories and anecdotes, which he
relates in a most interesting manner. He maintains a very fine
farm in McDonald county, upon which is a fine stream, the Big
Sugar Creek, well stocked with game fish of all sorts, where the
Colonel and his intimate friends spend a good bit of their time
in the pursuit of his favorite sport. A man of sterling integrity
and worth, Colonel Yates is well thought of by all with whom he
has had dealings and as a citizen his entire career has been
characterized by loyalty and public spirit of the most insistent
order.
Source: A History of Jasper County Missouri; By
Joel T. Livingston; Pg 767 – 768
 Reuben Rusk, farmer, post-office Joplin. He
was born near Crawfordsville, Ind., Dec. 21, 1828. His parents,
Jonathan and Nancy (Moore) Rusk, were
natives of Ohio and Indiana, respectively. Subject remained in
his native state until about twelve years of age; he then came
with his parents to Jasper county, Mo., locating near where he
now lives. In 1862 he enlisted in Company K, Sixth Kansas
Infantry Volunteers, and served until the close of the war.
During the war his residence had been burned, leaving his family
homeless. The burning was in the night time and the mother and
children gathered around the dying embers to keep warm until
morning. The were taken to Ft. Scott, where they remained until
hostilities ceased. After returning he engaged in farming. Mr.
Rusk was married Sept. 20, 1849, to Miss Alsie E.,
daughter of Isaac and Elizabeth (Griffith)
Jackson, natives respectively of Virginia and North
Carolina. From this union there have been twelve children:
Martha W., born July 31, 1853; Jackson
B., born June 21, 1852, died Aug. 2, 1854; Jas.
Oliver, born April 5, 1854; Jonathan C., born
Feb. 17, 1856, died Aug. 10, 1875; Laura R., born
Sept. 18, 1858; Gilbert G., born Jan. 6, 1861;
Wm. Isaac, born April 8, 1863; Lilly
Belle, born June 2, 1866; Mary F., born March
28, 1868, died Jan. 11, 1869; Wilson, born Nov. 19,
1869, died July 18, 1873; Maggie A., born April 24,
1873, and one died in infancy. Mr. Rusk has a fine farm situated
three miles north of Joplin; 240 acres well fenced, etc. Mr. and
Mrs. R. are members of the Baptist Church.
Eugene A. Davis. – Among the
prominent and promising citizens of the younger generation at
Sarcoxie, Missouri, Eugene A. Davis, whose name forms the caption
for this article, is rapidly gaining prestige as a business man
of splendid executive ability and tremendous energy. A native of
Sarcoxie, he was born on the 23d of August, 1890, and he is a son
of George F. and Melissa (Dunfee)
Davis. The father, better known as Judge Davis, was a
successful practicing attorney who came to Sarcoxie from
Livingston county, Missouri, in 1899. He was widely renowned as a
brilliant and versatile lawyer. Judge Davis married Miss Melissa
Dunfee, who was a native of the state of Iowa and they became the
parents of six children, of whom but two are living at the
present time, namely, - Eugene A., the immediate subject of this
review; and Maude L., who is now Mrs. W.T.
Sabert and who maintains her home at Sarcoxie. Judge Davis
was a man of marked business ability and in addition to
controlling an extensive and lucrative law clientage he was the
owner of a number of fine farms in the vicinity of Sarcoxie and
of a great deal of real estate in the city. He was summoned to
the life eternal on the 18th of August, 1904, and his cherished
and devoted wife, who survived him for a number of years, passed
away on January 19, 1909. Judge and Mrs. Davis ranked among the
foremost citizens of Jasper county during the period of their
residence here and their respective deaths were mourned by a wide
circle of admiring and loving friends.
Eugene A. Davis, of this notice, received his elementary
educational discipline in the public schools of Sarcoxie and he
was graduated in the local high school as a member of the class
of 1906. Subsequently he was matriculated as a student in
Morrisville College and in 1908 he entered the University of
Missouri, at Columbia, continuing to attend the latter
institution for a period of two years, from 1908 to 1910. In the
latter year he returned to Sarcoxie, where he was proffered a
position as assistant cashier in the State Bank of Sarcoxie. He
accepted and has since been incumbent of the above position. With
his sister, Mrs. Sabert, Mr. Davis is heir to the
extensive estate left by his father, at the time of the
latter’s death. The same consists of some eight farms,
aggregating four hundred acres of most arable land, and of
fifteen residence properties in Sarcoxie, besides fifteen or more
lots.
In his political convictions Mr. Davis accords an
unswerving allegiance to the cause of the Democratic party and he
is affiliated with a number of fraternal and social organizations
of representative character, especially the Masons. He is
decidedly popular in the best social activities of Sarcoxie and
as a business man is decisive and energetic. October 11, 1911, he
married Miss Charla Lane, of Morrisville, Missouri,
having met her while attending school.
Source: A History of Jasper County Missouri; By
Joel T. Livingston; Pg. 1025 – 1026 Robert A. Pearson. – One of the most
distinguished of the members of the Jasper county bar who is
widely gaining prestige in the state is Robert A. Pearson, of the
law firm of Pearson & Butts and former city attorney of
Joplin. In the prime of life and the fullness of his powers, it
is probable that he has yet to reach the zenith of his career,
which has already been rich in achievement. Like numerous of the
citizens of Joplin, Mr. Pearson is a native of the state of
Illinois, his birth having occurred in Colchester, that state,
September 7, 1868. He is English in descent, both of his parents,
the Rev. Thomas J. Pearson, a clergyman of the
Congregational church, and his mother, Marion (Whitworth
Pearson, being residents of the mother country. They came
to America about the years 1847 and 1853, respectively.
In the early boyhood Robert A. Pearson, who was one of a
family of seven children, his parents removed to Kansas, where
the father assumed charge of a Congregational church, being
located for the last ten years at Topeka. In Kansas Mr. Pearson
received his education, attending the common and higher
departments of the public schools and also Washburn College of
Topeka. In the meantime a long gathering ambition to become a
lawyer had reached crystallization and the young man matriculated
in the Kansas University at Lawrence, Kansas, being graduated
with the class of 1896, with the well earned degree of LL. B. and
being admitted to the bar. When looking about him for a location
Joplin appealed to Mr. Pearson as a city with a future and
accordingly he came here in 1897, a year after his graduation,
and with the usual hopes and fears which are a part of the stock
in trade of the young lawyer he hung up his shingle. In the fall
of that same year he formed a partnership with a young colleague,
W.L. Butts, has continued as such until the present
day. It has indeed proved a combination eminently satisfactory
and one whose strength is recognize over a wide territory. Their
practice is of general character and is large and constantly
growing. In 1903 Mr. Pearson received signal mark of the high
standing he enjoys in the community by his election to the office
of city attorney, and his tenure of office included the years
1903 to 1905. The subject is eminently well qualified for his
profession, and, careful in arranging and preparing his cases, he
is never at a loss for forcible and appropriate argument to
sustain his position. He has also a power of marshalling and
presenting significant facts so as to bring conviction. On March
7, 1911, Mr. Pearson was appointed as city counselor for an
unexpired term ending April 15, 1911, and at that time was
reappointed to that office for the following year.
In the matter of politics Mr. Pearson is a tried and
true Democrat, and has subscribed to the articles of faith of the
party since his earliest voting days. He has ever shown himself
ready and willing to be at any personal inconvenience to advance
the interests of the party, and his word is of great weight in
party conclave. He is one of the prominent members of the ancient
and august Masonic order, belonging to Joplin lodge, No. 335. His
papers before the well known Niangua Literary Club, of which he
is a member, have ever been greatly admired and enjoyed. In
religious conviction he is a member of the Presbyterian
church.
Mr. Pearson established a home of his own by his happy
marriage to Miss Eva Barr, daughter of E.P.
Barr, a merchant of Joplin, which was celebrated November
8, 1904. Mrs. Pearson is a native of Joplin, in which city the
Barr family were old settlers and where the name is held in high
esteem. Their union has been blessed by the birth of a son,
Robert Barr Pearson, born August 21, 1906. Their
home is one of the cultured abodes of Joplin and the center of an
attractive hospitality, they being identified with the best
social and other activities of the city in which their interests
are centered.
Source: A History of Jasper County Missouri; By
Joel T. Livingston; Pg 816 – 817
Dr. M. E. Johnson was born in the town of
Fayette, Boone county, Ind., Dec. 9, 1853. He was the eldest of
three children of Isaac N. Johnson. His mother's
maiden name was Smith. When the son was three years
old the father moved with the family to Jasper county,Mo., in
1856, where he remained until the commencement of the rebellion
in 1861, when he moved to Indiana and remained there until 1865,
when he returned to his Missouri farm, where he now lives,
engaged in farming and stock-raising. Notwithstanding the
disadvantages in consequence of the war and the destruction of
property, law, and school, the Doctor received a good common
school and college education, and at the age of twenty-one
commenced the study of medicine under the instructions of Dr.
E. Pinney. He afterward attended medical lectures at
the Miami Medical College of Cincinnati, Ohio, where he graduated
in February, 1880. Immediately after receiving his degree he
established himself in the practice of his profession in the town
of Preston, Jasper county, Mo., and has succeeded in building up
a fine medical practice, which it is his constant pleasure to
serve. Nov. 10, 1880, he was united in marriage with Lucy
A. Unroe. Mrs. Johnson was born in Macon county, Illinois.
The father was John T. Unroe, a well known citizen
of Jasper county, who immigrated from Virginia to Illinois in
1854 and from there to Missouri in 1869. Dr. and Mrs. Johnson
have one child, Isaac Carlyle. The Doctor was born
and bred a Democrat, and is a firm believer in the principles of
Democracy
Source: The History of Jasper County, Missouri;
Mills & Company; 1883; Pg. 1003
M.O. Regan, dairyman, Joplin, was born in
County Cork, Ireland, Sept. 27, 1816. He grew to manhood in the
Emerald Isle. Immigrated to America in 1839, came west to
Wisconsin, then to Missouri in 1867, locating in Barton county,
and one year later to Joplin, when he established his present
business known as the West Joplin Dairy. Mr. Regan was married in
Boston, Mass., Jan., 1843 to Miss Margaret Murphy.
From this union there are four children: William,
Morris, Michael, and Mary,
and Edward, now deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Regan are
members of the Catholic Church. Mr. Regan keeps seventy cows and
thoroughly understands the business in which he is engaged.
Source: The History of Jasper County, Missouri;
Mills & Company; 1883; Pg. 1061
John S. Neighbours was born in Washington
county, Ill., June 7, 1839, and also raised in that county. In
1863 he went to California, remaining there until 1875, when he
came to Jasper county, Mo. He was married the first time, to
Elizabeth Maxwell, of his native county. There was
one son, whose name is Thomas. In 1876 he was again
marriet to Mary Rice, of Perry county, Ill., who
died in May, 1878. Mr. Neighbours has 223 acres of land, about
100 of it being under cultivation. Seventy acres sown to winter
wheat in 1882, averaged 20 bushels; five acres of oats averaged
50; and thirty acres of corn averaged 30 bushels per acre. There
is a fine orchard of about three acres producing some very fine
fruit. Mr. Neighbours sold his interest in a store at Waco, and
is now living upon his farm about three miles south of the
thriving new town of Waco, which is one of the best shipping
points on the Joplin & Girard Railroad.
Source: The History of Jasper County, Missouri;
Mills & Company; 1883; Pg. 819
William Maxwell (deceased), was a native of
Washington county, Va., born March 23, 1819. At the age of
twenty-one he came to Washington county, Mo., and the following
year married Miss Mary A. Carson, also a native of
Virginia. They lived in Washington county until 1855 when they
moved to Jasper county. He was a blacksmith by trade, and engaged
at that business for many years. He purchased a farm of 120 acres
in 1857, upon which he built a substantial brick residence, where
his widow now lives; also owned forty acres of timber. During the
war he was a Union man. The outrages committed here during the
war caused him to move his family to Nebraska, and afterward to
Kansas, where they staid until the close of the war, when they
returned to Jasper county, and he resumed his ordinary avocation
up to his death, which occurred Sept. 30, 1879, leaving a family
of nine children: Jane, wife of James
Flood; Eliza A. (deceased), wife of A.
Smith; Mary K., wife of Riley
Petty; Thos R., James F.,
Rose C. (deceased), wife of Jonas
Myers, Louisa A., wife of William
Moore; Laura A., and Inga B.,
second wife of Jonas Myers. Mrs. Maxwell and daughter, Miss
Laura, now occupy the old homestead. She is a lady of more than
ordinary attainments, having received in her youth a good
education in the English branches. Her ancestors, the
Carsons, of Virginia are a very old family. Her
maternal ancestors, the Rutledges, were among the
original settlers of Jamestown, Va.
Source: The History of Jasper County, Missouri;
Mills & Company; 1883; Pgs. 882-883
James L. Mathews, farmer, post-office
Carthage, was a native of the Hoosier State, born in Bartholomew
county April 20, 1840. He was there raised to man's estate and
acquired a common school education. At the age of fifteen he
became an apprentice to the blacksmith and wagonmaker's trade,
serving four years. Was married in Johnson county, Ind., May 5,
1861 to Mrs. Matilda (Harper) Simpson, also a native
of Indiana. Of this union there is one daughter, Nannie
E., wife of William Loveall, now a resident
of Jasper county, Mo. After his marriage Mr. Mathews engaged at
farming in Johnson county, Ind., where he remained until 1881,
and then became a resident of Jasper county, Mo. Subject has ever
taken an active interest in public affairs, is a Democrat in
conviction and principle. He manifests a lively interest in the
welfare of his party, and takes a conscious pride in its
traditions and former glory, and has confidence in the integrity
of its principles.
Charles Merlin Kerr, son of John Kerr and Elizabeth Crawford, was
born October 18, 1863 in Piatt County, Illinois. He believed he was born
in DeWitt County, but the census indicates that the family lived in Piatt
County in the 1860 census, and his sister, Mary Jane, said the family lived
on a farm east of DeWitt before they left for Missouri. The 1865 Illinois
state census also showed them living in Piatt County.
He said the family left Illinois October 16, 1865 and traveled by
covered wagon pulled by an ox team. They went to Kansas west of Asbury,
Missouri, where they planned to take some of the Joy land, an area granted
to a Mr. Joy by the government for building a railroad, which he did not
build. The family moved to Missouri in 1867 and settled near Medoc. Medoc
was so new there were green stumps all over town when they
arrived. Sedalia was the nearest source of supply. The town was built
with a square and hoped to be the county seat. When the Joy railroad was
not built, Carthage was made the county seat. He said he remembered seeing
the soldiers on the military road on the way to Fort Scott, Kansas to be
mustered out of the army. Following the death of his father, John Kerr
(6_3_1_J), Charles lived with the George Bell family.
In 1886, Charles Kerr was helping build the railroad in Chautauqua
County, Kansas, where he met : Elzina H. (Ella) Heape, a daughter of James
and Derrinda Teafertiller Heap. Ella Heape was born in Cherokee County,
Kansas March 18, 1869. The Heaps were cooking meals for a group of
railroad construction workers. James Heap was the son of Thomas and
Elizabeth Heap of Perry County, Illinois and Cherokee County,
Kansas. Derrinda Teafertiller Heap was the daughter of George and Emily
Teafertiller of Perry County, Illinois. Charles and Ella Heape were
married at Peru, Kansas June 21, 1886. They went to the Medoc, Missouri
area, where they lived until about 1890, when they moved to Las Vegas, New
Mexico. Charles worked as brakeman on the Santa Fe Railroad. Ella Heape
Kerr died on February 17, 1895 following child birth at 6:30 p. m. The
funeral took place at 2:00 p. m. at the home at 915 Gallinas Street. She
died of child bed fever. Charles Kerr was a member of the Ancient Order of
United Workmen. The newspaper, The Optic, (February 18, 1895), asked the
members to attend the funeral. Ella Kerr was buried in the Odd Fellows
Cemetery at Las Vegas, New Mexico. A sister of Charles, Alice Kerr Scott
(15_6_3_1_J), went to New Mexico to get the baby, Ella, and took her home
to care for her, but the baby later died. Unable to get someone to
properly care for the children in New Mexico, Charles Kerr was forced to
return to Missouri, where the children were placed in the care of a foster
family, John Smith. Charles worked on the farm of John Bell in his coal
bank. On July 30, 1896, Charles Kerr married : Millie Bain, a daughter of
Henry and Elvira Bain. She had one son from a previous marriage, Ray
Connor Richardson. They built a house on her father's farm near Medoc and
farmed there a while. On October 3, 1903, he bought a general store from
John H. Barrett and he also bought a hotel so they would have a place to
live. When Medoc failed to obtain the right of way for a railroad, they
moved the contents of the store to Asbury, Missouri on March 8, 1907. They
operated this store most of the time for the next 35 years. They quit the
business in 1943. They had tried to sell the store several times but
always had to take it back. At one time, Charles Kerr operated the grain
elevator, served as president of the Bank of Asbury, and owned several
farms in the area. Much of the land was used for making hay. Charles Kerr
was one of the leading citizens of the community from 1907 until two years
before his death in 1962, when he moved to Carl Junction, Missouri.
Charles Kerr was married to Millie Bain Kerr for 62 years until
her death in March, 1959. They celebrated their fiftieth wedding
anniversary in July, 1946 with an open house. All the relatives were
present for the occasion, as well as many friends and neighbors. Among the
many events of his long life about which he liked to talk was his purchase
of the first car in the community, a 1906 Maxwell. He continued to drive
his own car until he was past 90 years old. He liked to tell stories about
the early days in Missouri and New Mexico and remembered seeing Jesse James
when he was a boy. He was an active member of the Odd Fellow Lodge at
Asbury and later of the lodge at Carl Junction. He was a staunch
Republican, and he was always interested in newspaper and radio accounts of
everything from politics to agriculture to baseball. On June 14, 1961, he
was awarded a bronze plaque by the Young Democrats of Jasper County,
Missouri because, at the age of 97, he was the oldest voter in the county
to participate in the election of 1960. He remained active and alert until
shortly before his death at St. John's Hospital in Joplin, Missouri on
April 8, 1962 at the age of 98. He was buried in Crocker Cemetery near
Opolis, Kansas. His children were: Hattie Lee, married to Edward Alonzo
Welty, and Ora Alfred, married to Olive Mae Birdsall.
Jonathan Eppright, son of Jacob Eppright and Catherine Wolf, was
born October 12, 1812 in Washington County, Maryland. He was baptized
November 3, 1812 at Zion Reformed Church, Hagerstown, Maryland, and his
sponsors were Samuel Herr and Susanna. He married Edy Meadows on May 24,
1838 in Montgomery County, Indiana. Permission for her to marry Jonathan
Eppright was given by her brother, John Meadows and her sister-in-law, Mary
Meadows. She was born in Indiana in 1823. Her father was born in North
Carolina, and her mother was born in Virginia. Following their marriage,
they moved to Jasper County, (then part of Crawford County) Missouri. Their
first child, Marion, was born in Crawford County, Missouri in 1840.
Jonathan Eppright was the earliest male settler in Duval Township,
Jasper County, Missouri. He arrived in March, 1840 and settled on section
1, lot 10, township 29, range 33. This land was entered from the
government. Jonathan Eppright--W1/2 lot 6 NW1/2 and lot 5 NW1/2 Section 2
township 29, range 33 120 acres $1.25 an acre $150. paid Date July 20, 1853
Rec # 13493. Jonathan Eppright appears in the United States Census Report
for Missouri in 1850, 1860, 1870, and 1880. He served as a Justice of the
Peace in 1866 and was a patron of the Atlas in 1876. Jonathan Eppright
died in May 1883 in Jasper County, Missouri. Edy Eppright married William
Burns in 1885. She died around 1890.
His children were: Marion, married to Nancy Vivion; George W.,
Martha J., married to a Casey and then to George Crosson; Catharine Mary,
married to Henry Welty; John H., married to Emma J. and Mary; Clarinda
Ellen, married to John C. Scott; and Marinda A., married to Thomas Benton
Redfern.
Jonathan Eppright and his wife, Edy, were among the first settlers
in that part of Jasper County, Missouri. Their son, George, was the first
white child born in Duval Township, Jasper County, Missouri. He was born
March 29, 1842. The first school was opened there in 1848. Catherine
Eppright was born December 31, 1848.
Henry Welty, son of John Welty and Mary Magdalene (Polly) Miller,
was born April 4, 1837 in Rush Creek Township, Fairfield County, Ohio. He
was a farmer on his father's farm until 1866. He served in the Civil War
as a private in Company F, Regiment 159 of Ohio. He enlisted May 2, 1864
and was mustered out with his regiment on August 22, 1864.
He taught for a year in Illinois near the home of his brother,
Solomon. In 1868, he went to Jasper County, Missouri, where he was a
teacher. He married one of his students, Catharine Mary Eppright, daughter
of Jonathan and Edy Meadows Eppright, on March 10, 1870 at the home of her
parents.
Henry Welty bought his first land April 4, 1870 from Leonidas
Cunningham. He bought 40 acres in section 2, township 29, range 33. They
sold this land in 1884 to the Dick family and bought 80 acres in another
location in section 16, township 30, range 32. This purchase was signed by
the governor of Missouri, Alexander M. Docker.
Henry Welty died June 14, 1911 at the Soldiers' Home at
Leavenworth, Kansas. At the time he made his will, Henry's brother, John,
in May of 1910, said Henry lived in Leavenworth. Following his death, his
wife, Catherine, received a pension from the United States government
because she was the widow of a veteran of the Civil War. She died at her
home in Jasper County near Nashville, Missouri on November 22, 1928. Henry
and Catherine Welty were buried in the cemetery at Nashville,
Missouri. Their children were: Mary E.; Charles Elmer, married to Mamie
Patterson; Walter William, married to Hattie; John Henry, marr4ied to
Minnie Mashburn; Frank Louis, married to Belle Thomas; Edward Alonzo,
married to Hattie Lee Kerr; George Albert, married to Josie Martin; and
Nettie Mae, married to Arthur Derr.
Source: Peter Welty Family History by Mildred Welty Slavens
Page updated Thursday, March 04, 2004
© 2004 Renessa Lewis
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