French's Gazeteer contains interesting data on the population of Broome County as of 1855. Here is a table of some of the data.
| Broome Co Pop. | 36,650 | 1.06 percent of state pop. of | 3,466,212 |
| Broome Co "Color" | White 36,135 98.6 percent | Black and Mulatto 515 1.4 percent | Totals 36,650 |
| NY State "Color" | White 3,420,926 - 98.7 percent | Black and Mulatto 45,286 - 1.3 percent | Totals 3,466,212 |
| Broome "Nativities" | NY state 27,874 | US 32,921 | Foreign born 3,225 |
| NY "Nativities" | NY state 2,222,321 | US 2,528,444 | Foreign born 917,708 |
| Broome Voters | Voters 9884 | Aliens 2032 | Excluded 24,734 |
| NY Voters | Voters 652,322 | Aliens 632,746 | Excluded 2,181,144 |
| Subset information for Co. | Compared to NY State | ||
| Illiterate | 611 | .59 percent of state pop. of | 96,489 |
| "Deaf and Dumb" | 18 | 1.27 percent of state pop. of | 1422 |
| Blind | 5 | .44 percent of state pop. of | 1136 |
| Insane | 32 | 1.17 percent of state pop. of | 2742 |
| Idiotic | 35 | 1.93 percent of state pop. of | 1812 |
Also included in French's Gazeteer is a summary of how the area currently known as Broome Co. grew during the census's. I have included the census they would have been in prior to 1810.
| Year | Pop. | Notes: | State Pop. |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1790 | 451 | Part of Montgomery Co. NY | 340,120 |
| 1800 | 2,730 | Part of Tioga Co. NY | 588,603 |
| 1810 | 6,481 | Broome County | 961,888 |
| 1814 | 7,423 | Broome County | 1,035,910 |
| 1820 | 11,100 | Broome County | 1,372,812 |
| 1825 | 13,893 | Broome County | 1,614,458 |
| 1830 | 17,579 | Broome County | 1,913,131 |
| 1835 | 20,199 | Broome County | 2,174,517 |
| 1840 | 22,338 | Broome County | 2,428,921 |
| 1845 | 25,808 | Broome County | 2,604,495 |
| 1850 | 30,660 | Broome County | 3,097,394 |
| 1855 | 36,650 | Broome County | 3,466,212 |