THE SCHOOLS OF RUTLAND

     In the organization and early settlement of the town of Rutland the subject of education was not overlooked, and a system of public instruction, similar to that adopted by the other towns in the State, and known as the “common school" system, was early inaugurated. It is essentially the system which with some modifications, has, during the last two hundred and fifty years, been the basis of popular education in New England.

      It is founded on the doctrine that State policy requires that the people of the State are, to a certain extent, educated.

      Its aim is to give to the youth of the State such an education as will fi them for the ordinary duties of life.

      Hence the State exercises a certain jurisdiction and supervision over its educational institutions. The work of the common schools has been and is the instruction of the youth of the State in the rudimentary branches of education leaving the higher departments of learning to the academies, seminaries and colleges. Hence it is that a very large majority of the people receive from the common schools of the State all the education that they receive from any source. The common schools of Rutland have, during their history, compared favorably with those of the other towns in the State. There are at the preset time, exclusive of the graded school, eighteen school districts in Rutland, with an enrollment of sixteen hundred and eighty pupils.

      Three of these districts have each two schools, one has three schools, and one six. The other districts have each one school. The number of teachers employed at the present time is twenty-nine. The present town superintend of schools, J. J. R. RANDALL, has held the office for many years.

      The Rutland Graded School is also a public school. It is, at the present time, composed of one high school, five grammar schools, four intermediate schools, six secondary schools, and five primary schools, with a total enrollment of eleven hundred and sixty-five pupils, and employing twenty-three teachers.

      In the primary secondary, intermediate and grammar departments are taught the branches established by the State to be taught in the common schools, while in the High School are taught the higher branches, including the Greek and Latin languages.

      The Graded School is free to all pupils residing in the graded district. Non-resident pupils are charged tuition fee.

      The course of study in the High School for the year 1885 is as follows: Algebra, English composition, physical geography, geometry, astronomy, physics, United States history, English history, general history, English literature, Greek, Latin, declamation and composition.
 

      With the exception of a few private schools, the district schools constituted the only means of instruction in Rutland until 1852. In that year an academy was opened in a new building on Main street. That building now constitutes a part of the present High School building, extensive additions to it having been made in 1879, Luther LOWELL was the first principal of the academy, commencing in the autumn of 1852 and continuing until the close of the spring term in 1854. He was succeeded by George A. WEEKS, who began in the autumn of 1854 and continued to the end of the spring term in 1855, when the academy ceased to exist as an institution, and was superseded by the Union School.

     “The establishment of public high schools by the union of contiguous districts, for the benefit of the older and more advanced scholars of such districts, was authorized by the Legislature of Vermont in 1841." Under this act a union district was formed in the village of Rutland , by the separate votes of four districts. On the 6th of April, 1855, by a public meeting of the districts, the union was consummated, and soon after a high school was established.

      The districts that united to form the Union school district were as follows: District No. 2, with its building on Green street; District No. 20, with its building on the "turnpike," now known as Woodstock avenue; District No. 19, with its building on the corner of West and Church streets; District No. 18, with its building on School street.

      All of the above buildings are still standing where they then stood, except that on Green street, which was pulled down in 1882, and a new one was erected in its stead on the corner of Madison and Prospect streets in 1883. This new building was first used for the spring term of 1883.

      At the time of the organization of the Union district the following named gentlemen were the prudential committees of the several districts that united in the Union district: No. 2, F. W. HOPKINS, H. A. DYER, Josiah HUNTOON. No. 18, L. L. WHITCOMB. No. 19, John LANDON, Joseph GASKILL, H. G. CLARK. No. 20. John B. PAGE, W. H. B. OWEN, Ethan JUDD.

      After the organization of the Union district was completed the following named gentlemen were chosen as the officers of the Union district for the first year, 1855-56: No. 2, H. R. DYER, Josiah HUNTOON, Moses PERKINS. No. 18,. Rev. E. S. BARRETT, Charles R. SHAW, B. K. ABBOTT. No. 19, W. A. BURNETT, W. W. INGRAHAM, H. G. CLARK. No. 20, John B. PAGE, W. H. B. OWEN, Ethan JUDD. John B. PAGE, chairman; James BARRETT, moderator; F. W. HOPKINS, clerk; Newton CLARK, treasurer.

      Officers for 1856-57:  No. 2, Henry HALL, D. G. MCCLURE. No. 18, Calvin BREWER, L. L. WHITCOMB, Calvin BREWER, jr. No. 19, W. A. BURNETT, J. H. BOWMAN, Daniel VERDER. No. 20, John B. PAGE, Luther DANIELS, James ROSS, John B. PAGE, chairman; Robert PIERPOINT, moderator; J. H. BOWMAN, clerk; Luther DANIELS, treasurer.

      Officers for 1857-58:  No. 2, D. G. MCCLURE, Dr. D. E. PAGE, M. L. RICHARDSON. No. 18, Hiram HAYNES, E. S. BARRETT, S. G. HUBBARD. No. 19, John LANDON, D. VERDER, G. C. RUGGLES. No. 20, J. B. PAGE. James ROSS, Z. TERRILL. J. B. PAGE, chairman; James BARRETT, moderator; J. H. BOWMAN, clerk; Luther DANIELS, treasurer.

      Up to that time the prudential committees of the several districts that formed the Union district had constituted the Union district committee. But the number of members was found to be inconveniently large, and at the annual school meeting in 1858, it was voted that the committee of the Union district should be composed of the chairman only of the district committees and a member elected at large by the Union district.

      Officers for 1858-59: No. 2, J. J. R. RANDALL; No. 18, D. E. GRANDY; No. 19, H. G. CLARK; No. 20, J. B. PAGE; Union district, William A. BURNETT. J. B. PAGE, chairman; James BARRETT, moderator; J. H. BOWMAN, clerk; Luther DANIELS, treasurer.

      Officers for 1859-60: No. 2. J. J. R. RANDALL; No. 18, D. E. GRANDY No. 19, H. G. CLARK; No. 20, J. B. Page; Union district, William A. BURNETT J. B. PAGE, chairman; James BARRETT, moderator; J. H. BOWMAN, clerk; Luther DANIELS, treasurer.

      Officers for 1860-61: No. 2, J. J. R. RANDALL; No. 18, D. E. GRANDY; No. 19, H. G. CLARK; No. 20, J. B. PAGE; Union district, J. H. BOWMAN J. B. PAGE, chairman; J. J. R. RANDALL, moderator; J. H. BOWMAN, clerk, Luther DANIELS, treasurer.

      Officers for 1861-62: No. 2, J. J. R. RANDALL; No. 18, D. E. GRANDY, No. 19, Newman WEEKS; No. 20, James ROSS; Union district, J. H. BOWMAN: J. J. R. RANDALL, chairman; James BARRETT, moderator; J. J. R. RANDALL, clerk, Charles B. MANN, treasurer.

      Officers for 1862-63: No. 2, J. J. R. RANDALL; No. 18, J. D. BILLINGS; No. 19, J. M. PUTNAM; No. 20, James ROSS; Union district, J. H. BOWMAN. J. J. R. RANDALL, chairman; James BARRETT, moderator, J. J. R. RANDALL, clerk; H: G. CLARK, treasurer.

      Officers for 1863-64: No. 2, J. J. R. RANDALL; No. 18, D. E. GRANDY; No. 19, Z. V. K. WILLSON; No. 20, W. H. B. OWEN; Union district, H. G. CLARK. J. J. R. RANDALL, chairman; James BARRETT, moderator; J. J. R. RANDALL, clerk; H. G. CLARK, treasurer.

      Officers for 1864-65: No. 2, J. J. R. RANDALL; No. 18, H. B. DOUGLAS; No. 19, Z. V. K. WILLSON; No. 20, N. S. STEAMS; Union district, H. G. Clark. J. J. R. RANDALL, chairman; G. P. HANNUM, moderator; J. J. R. RANDALL, clerk; W. C. LANDON, treasurer.

      Officers for 1865-66: No. 2, J. J. R. RANDALL; No. 18, James O. SHEA; No. 19, H. O. PERKINS; No. 20, N. S. STEAMS; Union district, B. F. FRENCH. J. J. R. RANDALL, chairman; William A. BURNETT, moderator; J. J. R. RANDALL, clerk; W. C. LANDON, treasurer.

      Officers for 1866- 67: No. 2, J. J. R. RANDALL; No. 18, Patrick TOOHEY; No. 19, H. O. PERKINS; No. 20, Isaac MCDANIELS; Union district, N. S. STEARNS. J. J. R. RANDALL, chairman; William A. BURNETT, moderator; J. J. R. RANDALL, clerk; W. C. LANDON, treasurer.

      The Union School was in successful operation during twelve years, and was superseded by the Rutland Graded School.

     "At a special meeting of the legal voters of the village of Rutland, held February 20, 1867, a vote was passed whereby all the school districts in said village were consolidated into one district, to be called the Rutland Graded School, which vote was legalized by the Legislature of Vermont, March 28, 1867; and on the 9th day of April following, at an adjourned meeting of the voters of said village of Rutland, the organization of the graded school district was completed by the choice of officers of said district."

      Officers of the Rutland Graded School for the year 1866-67: Rev. Silas AIKEN, president and superintendent; William A. BURNETT, secretary; W. C. LANDON, treasurer. Trustees: George A. MERRILL, J. B. KILBURN, J. M. HAVEN, Rev. R. S. HOWARD, G. C. RUGGLES, N. P. SIMONS, D. E. GRANDY.

      Officers for 1867-68: Rev. Silas AIKEN, president and superintendent; T. C. POTTER, secretary; W. C. LANDON, treasurer. Trustees: George A. MERRILL, J. B. KILBURN, J. M. HAVEN, H. O. PERKINS, G. C. RUGGLES, N. P. SIMONS, D. E. GRANDY.

      Officers for 1868-69: N. P. SIMONS, president and superintendent; T. C. POTTER, secretary; W. C. LANDON, treasurer. Trustees: George A. MERRILL, J. B. KILBURN, J. M. HAVEN, H. O. Perkins, G. C. RUGGLES, J. N. BAXTER, D. E. GRANDY.

      Officers for 1869-70: Judah DANA, president and superintendent; A. H. TUTTLE, secretary; W, C. LANDON, treasurer. Trustees: George A. MERRILY J. `B. KILBURN, J. M. HAVEN, H. O. PERKINS, G. C. RUGGLES, J. N. BAXTER, D. E. GRANDY.

      Officers for 1870-71: Judah DANA, president and superintendent; A. H. TUTTLE, secretary; W. C. LANDON, treasurer. Trustees: J. M. HAVEN, J. B. KILBURN, Henry CLARK, H. O. PERKINS, G. C. RUGGLES, J. N. BAXTER, D. E. GRANDY.

      Officers for 1871-72: Rev. William J. HARRIS, president and superintendent; A. H. TUTTLE, secretary; W. C. LANDON, treasurer. Trustees: J. M. HAVEN, W. C. DUNTON, Henry CLARK, W. Y. W. RIPLEY, G. C. RUGGLES, J. N. BAXTER, D. E. GRANDY.

      Officers for 1872-73: Rev. William J. HARRIS, president and superintendent; A. H. TUTTLE, secretary; W. C. LANDON, treasurer. Trustees: J. M. HAVEN, W. C. DUNTON, Henry CLARK, W. Y. W. RIPLEY, G. C. RUGGLES, J. N. BAXTER, L. L. WHITCOMB.

      Officers for 1873-74: Rev. William J. HARRIS, president and superintendent; A. H. TUTTLE, secretary; W. C. LANDON, treasurer. Trustees: J. M. HAVEN, W. C. DUNTON, Henry CLARK, W. Y. W. RIPLEY, G. C. RUGGLES, J. N. BAXTER, L. L. WHITCOMB.

      Officers for 1874-75: Rev. William J. HARRIS, president and superintendent; A. H. TUTTLE, secretary; W. C. LANDON, treasurer. Trustees: J. M. HAVEN, J. B. KILBURN, Henry CLARK, W. Y. W. RIPLEY, G. C. RUGGLES, A. F. WALKER, L. L. WHITCOMB.

      Officers for 1875-76: Rev. J. W. EATON, president and superintendent; A. TUTTLE, secretary; W. C. LANDON, treasurer. Trustees: J. M. HAVEN, John KILBURN, Henry CLARK, W. Y. W. RIPLEY, G. C. RUGGLES, A. F. WALKER, E. FOSTER.

      Officers for 1876-77: J. B. KILBURN, (acting) president and superintendent; Henry CLARK, secretary; W. C. LANDON, treasurer. Trustees: E. L. TEMPLE, J. B. KILBURN, H. W. CHENEY, W. Y. W. RIPLEY, G. C. RUGGLES, A. E. WALKER, E. L. FOSTER.

      Officers for 1877-78: J. J. R. RANDALL, president and superintendent; J. C. BARRETT, secretary; W. C. LANDON, treasurer. Trustees: G. C. RUGGLES, E. L. TEMPLE, H. W. CHENEY, A. F. WALKER, E. L. FOSTER, J. B. KILBURN, Orlando.

      Officers for 1878-79: J. J. R. RANDALL, president and superintendent; J. C. BARRETT, secretary; W. C. LANDON, treasurer. Trustees: E. L. TEMPLE, J. B; KILBURN, H. W. CHENEY, Orlando WOOSTER, G. C. RUGGLES, A. F. WALKER, E. L. FOSTER.

      Officers for 1879-80: J. J. R. RANDALL, president and superintendent; J. C. BARRETT, secretary; W. C. LANDON, treasurer. Trustees: J. B. KILBURN, Orlando WOOSTER, G. C. RUGGLES, E. L. FOSTER, H. W. CHENEY, A. F. WALKER, E. L. TEMPLE.

      Officers for 1880-81: J. J. R. RANDALL, president and superintendent; W. R. PAGE, secretary; W. C. LANDON, treasurer. Trustees: G. C. RUGGLES, E. L. FOSTER, H. W. CHENEY, E. L. TEMPLE, A. F. WALKER, Rockwood BARRETT, Orlando WOOSTER.

      Officers for 1881-82: J, J, R, RANDALL, president and superintendent; W R. PAGE, secretary; W, C, LANDON, treasurer. Trustees: E. L. TEMPLE, H. W. CHENEY, A, F, WALKER, Rockwood BARRETT, Orlando WOOSTER, E. P. GILSON, E. L. FOSTER.

      Officers for 1882-83; J, J. R. RANDALL, president and superintendent; P, M. MELDON, secretary; W. C, LANDON, treasurer. Trustees: Orlando WOOSTER, Rockwood BARRETT, E. P. GILSON, E. L. Foster, A. F. WALKER, C. H. GRANGER, E. D. MERRILL.

      Officers for 1883-84: J. J. R. RANDALL, president and superintendent: P. M. MELDON, secretary; H. F. FIELD, treasurer. Trustees: Orlando WOOSTER, Rockwood BARRETT, E. P. GILSON, E. L. FOSTER, A. MERRILL.

      Officers for 1884-85: J. J. R. RANDALL, president and superintendent; P. M. MELDON secretary; H. F. FIELD, treasurer. Trustees Orlando WOOSTER, Rockwood BARRETT, E. P. GILSON, E. L. FOSTER, A. F. WALKER, C. H. GRANGER, E. D MERRILL.

      At the opening of the Union High School in the autumn of 1855 the following named teachers were engaged: C. E. JOHNSON, A. B., principal; Miss Sarah S. JEWETT, preceptress; Miss Ellen S. HOWARD, assistant; Edward H. RANDALL, assistant principal; Mrs. A. E. HOPKINS, teacher of music.

      Mr. JOHNSON continued as principal until the close of the spring term in 1858.

      D.G. MOORE, A. B., succeeded Mr. JOHNSON, and continued as principal until the close of the spring term in 1865. D. J. NEWLAND, A. B., succeeded Mr. MOORE, and continued as principal until the close of the fall term in 1866.

      Judah DANA, A. M., succeeded Mr. NEWLAND as principal. He commenced with the winter term of 1866-67 and continued as principal of the Union High School until the close of the spring term in 1867, when, on the organization of the Graded School, which superseded the Union School, he was made principal, and continued as such until the close of the spring term in 1878.

      Oscar ATWOOD, A. M., succeeded Mr. DANA as principal, and is at the head of the school at the present time.

      The names of the teachers at this date  -- fall term, 1885 -- are as follows:

      High School: Oscar ATWOOD, A. M. principal; Adah A. WALKER, first assistant; Julia A. KELLEY, second assistant.

      Grammar Schools: Harriet H. A. CALHOUN, Emilie A. ROBERTS, Belle RUGGLES, Ella C. LATHAM, Kittie C. E. LINCOLN.

      Intermediate Schools: Abbie A. ADAMS, Georgie A. BARNARD, Luna A. WHITLOCK, Nellie J. MELDON.

      Secondary Schools: Flora J. DAVIS, Anna B. LORD, Emma E. WARDWELL, Hattie A. LYON, Lizzie L. HALL, C. Belle YOUNG.

      Primary Schools: Rhoda W. SOUTHARD, Lizzie H. LANDON, Rosa C. CARRIGAN, Sarah R. PIERCE, Agnes S. PALMER. Timothy SULLIVAN, janitor

      Library -- In connection with the Graded School there is a library, accessible to all the pupils, containing over twelve hundred volumes of well-selected books. This library is gradually increasing in size from year to year.

      Apparatus. -- The school is also equipped with philosophical and mathematical apparatus. Also with maps, charts, etc., etc.

      In addition to the public schools there are at the present time in Rutland several private and parochial schools. About one hundred and twenty pupils are in attendance at the private and four hundred and seventy-five at the parochial schools.

      The past history of this profession has been treated in a preceding chapter, where it may be learned that many men eminent in the healing art have been residents of this town. It remains only to give the following list of the physicians at present practicing in Rutland, with brief personal notes: 

      Charles L. ALLEN was born in Brattleboro, Vt., June 21, 1820, and was educated at Middlebury College, from which he graduated in 1842. He pursued the study of medicine in Williamsboro, N. C., and with his father, Jonathan ALLEN, in Middlebury. In 1846 he graduated from the Castleton Medical College, and practiced in Middlebury, Vt., from 1846 to 1860; he was made professor of chemistry in the college in 1855; performed the duties of professor of chemistry and natural history in Middlebury College in 1856; professor of the practice of medicine in 1860; practiced in Castleton from 1860 to spring of 1862, and in 1862 gave lectures on the practice of medicine in the University of Vermont. In the summer of that year he entered the army and was at once appointed on the board for the examination of candidates for surgeon and assistant surgeon; commissioned in 1862 brigade surgeon of volunteers; he resigned in 1864 and came to Rutland in the fall. In 1865 he gave lectures in the University of Vermont on civil and military hygiene. He has since been in practice in Rutland, and is examining surgeon for pensions, and consulting physician of the Mary Fletcher Hospital at Burlington.

      H.F. CRAIN was born in Walpole, N. H., 1810, was educated at Dartmouth Medical College, and was connected with the anatomical department from 1829 to 1832 inclusive. He practiced from that time until the fall of 1882 (fifty years) in Springfield, Vt.; from there he came to Rutland, where he has since resided.

      M.R. CRAIN (in partnership with H. F. Crain, his father) was born in Springfield, Vt., in 1855. He was educated in medical department of the University of Vermont, graduating in 1879. He practiced in Springfield until 1882, removing from that place to Rutland.

      Dr. M. GOLDSMITH was born in Maryland in 1818. He was educated in South Hanover, Ind., and studied medicine first with his father, in Cincinnati, O., and in New York College of Physicians and Surgeons; in 1839 went to China as surgeon of an East Indiaman, returning in 1840; graduated in 1841, was also inspector of surgery there two years. In 1845 he came to Castelton and remained ten years; in 1844 was appointed professor of surgery at Castelton, then removing to Louisville, Ky.; in 1855 was elected professor of surgery in the Kentucky School of Medicine and remained until about the beginning of the late war, when he was appointed surgeon of volunteers and served most of the time after Shiloh as medical director of the hospitals at Louisville, Ky. He has been president of the Vermont State Medica; Society, and the State Society of Kentucky; is, honorary member of the York State Medical Society, and member of various other medical and scientific bodies. Dr. GOLDSMITH was the principal agent in the establishment of the Rutland Dispensary, in which some of the more complex diseases are treated gratuitously. Dr. GOLDSMITH holds the office of superintendent, and about five hundred cases are treated annually. It possesses a large library and all instruments for treatment of all diseases and operations. (See Medical Chapter).

      J.D. HANRAHAN was born in Rathkeale, county Limerick, Ireland, in 1844. He was partly educated there, finished his studies in New York University Medical College, graduating in 1866. He practiced in the United States Navy up to June, 1865, and was located in New York until 1867, then coming to Rutland. He has an office with William M. STEARNS, of West Rutland.

      John A. MEAD was born in Fairhaven, Vt., April 20, 1841. He was educated at Middlebury College and studied medicine with Prof Joseph PERKINS, in Castleton, and was graduated from the College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York city. He practiced in Kings County Hospital and Asylum four years, when he removed to Rutland. He has been treasurer of the Rutland railroad since August, 1883, also holding the same office for the Addison railroad. He is vice-president of the State Trust Company, director of Clement National Bank, member of pension examining board and physician and surgeon to House of Correction since it was built.

      E.A. POND was born in Franklin, Mass., July 6, 1828. He was educated in the Franklin Academy, Massachusetts, and by private instruction. He studied medicine with Dr. S. ATWOOD, of Franklin, and with Dr. LYNCH in South Carolina. He also studied at Baltimore for a few years, attending lectures in Maryland University, Tremont Medical School, Boston, and the Medical Department of Harvard, receiving degree of M.D. in 1853. He soon afterward came to Rutland where he has since resided. He was formerly a member of the American Pharmaceutical Association, and a member of the Vermont Pharmaceutical Association. In 1873 he was elected a member of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and was assistant surgeon to the Board of Enrollment at Rutland during the late war. He is the inventor of Pond's Sphygmograph, for measuring and tracing arterial pulsations, which is now in use throughout the world.

      John C. KEENAN was born in North Dorset, Vt., 1837, and studied medicine in Hoosick Falls, attending lectures in Albany and Burlington. He was graduated from the University of Vermont in 1878. After practicing in Burlington two years he came to Rutland, where he still remains.

      Oscar James GILCHRIST was born in McIndoes Falls, Vt., August 8, t8¢9. He was educated at Dartmouth College and studied medicine at Dartmouth College, medical department, graduating at Long Island College Hospital, Brooklyn, Long Island, 1874. He practiced at McIndoes Falls until the fall 1880.

      Charles S. CAVERLY was born in Troy, N. H., September 30, 1856. He was educated at Kimball Union Academy, Meriden, N. H., leaving there in 1874; he remained at Dartmouth College until 1878, when he entered the medical department of the University of Vermont, in 1881. He has practiced in Rutland since graduating. 

      J.H. PUTNAM was born in East Montpelier, Washington county, Vt., in 1838, and was educated at the Morrisville Academy. He studied medicine with Dr. W. H. H. RICHARDSON, Montpelier, attending lectures at Castleton. He was in the army five years, and after that time took a course at Bellevue Hospital, New York, and a third course at Long Island hospital, graduating in 1867. He practiced ten years in Ludlow, coming to Rutland in 1877.

      P.H. BRASSARD was born in Summerset, Province of Quebec, Canada, June 29, 1853. He studied medicine in the Laval University, Quebec, and was graduated February 8, 1878. He then practiced in St. Johnsbury, Vt., two years, and since that time has resided and practiced in Rutland.

      B.H. HAYNES was born in Middletown, Vt., October 12, 1813. He secured an academic education and studied medicine in Castleton and in Woodstock Medical College, and was graduated from the latter in 1841. He first practiced in Wells, Vt., then Granville, coming to Rutland in 1862.

      J.E. THOMPSON was born in Jericho, Chittenden county, Vt., November 22, 1853. He had an academic education and studied medicine in the University of New York, graduating with the class of 1878. He practiced in Cabot, Washington county, with Dr. S. L. WISWELL, three years, thence coming to Rutland, where he has since resided.

      S.H. GRISWOLD was born in Chester, Mass., September 14, 1818. He was graduated from Castleton Medical College in 1844. He first practiced medicine in Hoosick, N. Y., then in Clarendon Springs, Vt., five years, West Rutland twenty-four years, coming to Rutland in 1874, where he has since resided. 

      Mary Vail GRINNELL was born in Danby, and studied medicine in the New York Woman's Medical College and Philadelphia Woman's Medical College, and was graduated in 1883. She has practiced in Rutland since that time.

      J.H. KING was born in this State in 185 1 and received his education in the Barre Academy and collegiate department of the University of Vermont. He studied his profession in the Howard Medical School, Boston, graduating in 1881. In September of that year he began practice in Rutland.

      Dr. George H. FOX was born in the town of Wallingford, Vt., in 1830. He studied medicine with his father, who was one of the prominent physicians of the county for a period of nearly fifty years, and afterwards, in 1851, graduated from the Castleton Medical College. He practiced at Wallingford until 1864, when he came to Rutland and has been actively engaged here since that time.

      Daniel FOSBURGH, of West Rutland, was born in Canada in 1834. He studied his profession in Cambridge, Vt., and graduated from the medical department of the University of Vermont in 1863. He began his practice in West Rutland in 1875.

      Charles WOODHOUSE was born in Wethersfield, Conn., November 11, 1812. He studied medicine alone and took his degree from Hahnneman Medical College, of Chicago, in 1865. He was afterwards elected professor of insanity and medical jurisprudence, practicing in Illinois and in this State. He received the degree of A. M. from Lombard University, Illinois, and was admitted to the bar in Iowa in 1857, practicing for a short time. He also studied for the ministry under Rev. I. D. WILLIAMSON, D. D., of Albany. His ministry in the Universalist Church extended over a period of thirty years, principally in New England. He has lived in Rutland and practiced medicine since 1867.

      G.R. SANBORN was born in Monkton, Vt., in 1827. He studied medicine in the Vermont Medical College at Woodstock, and took his degree in 1851. Practiced first in Charlotte, then in Newhaven, and came to Rutland in November, 1883.

      F. HAMILTON was born in Hartland, Me., 1857. He was educated in Brandon and at Middlebury College and was' graduated in 1878. He also studied medicine in the University of Vermont and in the New York Homeopathic College, New York city, and was graduated from the latter institution in 1882, practicing first in Brandon for about two years, then coming to Rutland where he is at present practicing.

      Charles A. GALE was born in Williamstown, Vt., August 31, 1853. He received his education at Goddard Seminary, Barre, Vt. In 1876 he attended medical lectures in Vermont University, Dartmouth Medical College and Hahnneman College, Philadelphia, receiving his diploma from the latter in t 880, He has since practiced in Rutland. 

      It is almost a certainty that the first professional dental work was done in Rutland in 1807; although the early regular physicians, of course, wrapped their instruments of torture, known as "turnkeys," in their silk pocket handkerchiefs and wrenched out the decaying teeth of their patients before that date. But in June, 1807, D. ROSETTER, "surgeon dentist," to quote from his card in the Rutland Herald (from New York), proposed to continue at Gordon's Tavern until the 20th of June. "Those persons who have lost their front teeth may now receive his professional assistance for their replacement." He then adds, with the same apparent confidence in his statements that inspires the accomplished dentist of to-day, that "this operation is seldom attended with any pain whatever." We have no means of knowing how long this early visiting dentist continued his practice in this section; but for many years later the inhabitants were forced to rely upon the regular physician, or dentists who made periodical visits to this place, for the extraction or repair of their teeth. In the year 1837 Dr. A. G. W. SMITH was in practice in Castleton and undoubtedly did work for the people of this town. He advertised the insertion of what he termed "incorruptible teeth." A year later Dr. H. D. MEACHAM was practicing dentistry in Wallingford. He announced the insertion of  porcelain and animal teeth."

      The first dentist to take up his permanent residence in Rutland and reach eminence in the profession was Dr. Eleazer Van Ness HARWOOD. He was born in Ticonderoga, N. Y., June 26, 1816. In the fall of 1832 he began studies in the Oneida Institute, at Whitestown, N. Y., but on account of a change in the character of the school he left at the end of six months and in the next fall entered Castleton Seminary for another equal period. In August, 1835, he entered Middlebury College, where he remained until May, 1838, when failing health forced him to relinquish study. He spent a period at Cape Cod, at the end of which he entered Union College and graduated with honor in July, 1839. Three years he followed teaching in Tennessee and North Carolina. In 1842, having married the daughter of Chapman HITCHCOCK, of Pittsford, he joined her brother Charles in working the homestead farm. Two years later he purchased a farm which he worked for two years, when the condition of his health compelled him to seek lighter employment. He accordingly took up the study of dentistry late in the fall of 1847. He began regular practice in the office of Dr. G. B. ARMINGTON, a regular physician, and in July, 1851, came to Rutland, where he acquired a large practice. Dr. HARWOOD was a man, of estimable character and exceptional attainments. He was for many years a prominent deacon in the Congregational Church and in many ways received evidences of the confidence and respect of his townsmen.

      Following is a list of the dentists at present practicing in Rutland, with brief personal notes: 

      H. TURRILL was born in Shoreham, Vt., in 1831. He studied dentistry in Brandon and practiced there six years; then in Castleton five years; in Middlebury six years, coming to Rutland in 1878.

      H.A. DALRYMPLE was born in Heath, Mass., in 1848. He studied in Pennsylvania Dental College, graduating from that institution in 1874. He practiced ten years before coming to Rutland in 1882, where he has since resided.

      Thomas MOUND was born in Leicester, Vt., January 31, 1850; studied dentistry in Brandon, Vt., and Boston. He has practiced in Rutland since 1873.

      F.M. SCHELL, D. D. S. (partner of Thomas MOUND), was born in Churchtown, N. Y., May 6, 1864. He was graduated from the New York College of Dentistry in 1885, thence coming to Rutland.

      L.T. LAWTON was born in the town of Windsor, Vt., in December, 1838, and studied his profession at Brattleboro. He came to Rutland in 1861 and has been in continuous practice since. His brother was his partner for six years.

      A. KILBURN was born in Whiting, Vt., in 1847, and learned his profession in Brandon and Rutland, at the latter place with Dr. E. V. N. HARWOOD, before mentioned. Dr. KILBURN has practiced his profession in Rutland for about twenty years.

      Following is a list of the attorneys at present practicing in Rutland, with brief personal notes. (For history of the Bar of the County, see Chapter XVII.)

      W.G. VEAZEY was born in Brentwood, N. H., December 5, 1835. He was educated at the Phillips Academy, Exeter, N. H., and Dartmouth, graduating from the latter in 1859. He studied law at Exeter and in the Albany Law School. He was admitted to the bar in December, 1860. He practiced in Springfield, Vt., until; 1861, when he entered the army, coming to Rutland in the fall of 1863. He was reporter in Supreme Court eight years, registrar yin bankruptcy several years, State senator two years, judge of Supreme Court since 1879, and delegate to the National Convention in 1872.

      John PROUT was born in Salisbury, Addison county, Vt., November 15, 1815. He studied law at Salisbury and Vergennes, and was admitted 1839. He practiced in Addison county to 1854, since that time has been in Rutland. He was a member of the Legislature from Salisbury three years, State's attorney of Addison county three years, and Rutland county two years; represented Rutland in the Legislature two years and as senator one year (1867). The same year he was elected judge of the Supreme Court; he held that office two years when he resigned.

      W.C. DUNTON was born in Bristol, Addison county, Vt., November, 29, 1830. He was educated at Franklin Academy, Malone, N. Y., and Middlebury College, studying law with DILLINGHAM & DURANT in Waterbury, and LINSLEY & PROUT, in Rutland. He was admitted to the bar in September, 1858; was State senator one term (1880), judge of probate from 1865 to 1877, then resigned and was appointed judge of the Supreme Court and held that office until October, 1879.

      Charles K.  WILLIAMS was born in Rutland March 8, 1857. Educated at Harvard College, graduating in 1878. He studied law in Harvard and Columbia Law Schools and with PROUT & WALKER; was admitted to the bar September, 1880. 

      P.R. KENDALL was born in Coventry, Vt., November 24, 1848; educated at Dartmouth and was graduated in 1871. He studied law with Timothy P. REDFIELD, Montpelier, and was admitted to the bar at the September term, 1873, practicing first in Barton, Vt., until September, 1875, when he came to Rutland. He was elected State's attorney in the fall of 1884.

      F.M. BUTLER was born in Jamaica, Windham county, Vt., 1854. He secured an academic education and studied law with judge Hoyt, H. WHEELER and E. L. WATERMAN; admitted to the bar in March, 1877. Has practiced in Rutland since that time.

      L.W. REDINGTON was born in Waddington, St. Lawrence county, N. Y., March 14, 1849. He fitted for college at Williston Seminary, East Hampton, Mass., and entered Yale in the fall of 1866. At the close of his freshman year failing health forced him to leave college, and he graduated from the scientific department of Williston Seminary in 1869. He then studied one year in Columbia Law School, New York city, and finished his legal studies in the office of the late Matt H. Carpenter, of Milwaukee. He was admitted to practice in the bar of Milwaukee in 1871. After a tour of Europe he located in Rutland in 1875. In 1876 he was elected grand juror; he was Democratic nominee for the Legislature in 1876, 1878 and 1882, and in 1878 was elected; he was delegate at large to the Vermont National Convention in 1880; Democratic nominee for Congress in 1882; chairman of the Democratic State Convention, 1882; Democratic nominee for governor in 1884; appointed municipal judge for Rutland, 1884; elected twice to the same office, and resigned in July, 1885, to accept the office of postmaster of Rutland village. (See biography in later pages).

      Henry H. SMITH (county clerk since 1868), was born in Middletown October 3, 1837; came to Rutland in April, 1854; studied law with R. R. THRALL and Charles L. WILLIAMS, and admitted to the bar in September, 1858.

      Reuben R. THRALL was born in Rutland in 1797. Studied law with William Douglass SMITH, admitted to the Rutland county bar at the June term in 1819, and has been in practice since that period, and has some cases on the docket which he attends court every term to look after, although ninety years of age, and was reported in a recent law magazine as the oldest practicing lawyer in the United States, if not in the world. He was postmaster of Rutland from 1822 to 1829 and was State's attorney in 1836.

      Henry HALL was born in Rutland, in 1814, graduated at Middlebury in 1835, studied law with Edgar L. ORMSBEE, admitted in September, 1839. He has never been in full practice of the profession. He was registrar of probate from 1840 to 1860, but has devoted most of his time to literary and historical pursuits and to public lecturing.

      H.A. HARMAN was born in Pawlet, in 1845. He was educated at Williams College and Harvard College, graduating in 1871. He studied law at Harvard and was admitted to the bar in 1872, practicing in Bennington first, coming to Rutland in 1884, where he still remains.

      George E. LAWRENCE was born in Weybridge, Vt., June 10, 1844. He was graduated from the Middlebury College in 1867 and from the Albany Law School 1868, practicing in Rutland since 1870. He has been judge of the Municipal Court from 1876 to 1878, and State's attorney from 1878 to 1880. He is a partner of P. M. MELDON.

      P.M. MELDON was born in Rutland April 20, 1859, and was educated at Middlebury College, graduating in 1880. He studied law with PROUT & WALKER, Rutland, and was admitted to the bar in September, 1882. He is a partner of George E. LAWRENCE.

      Joel C. BAKER was born in Danby, Vt., in 1838. He studied law with David E. NICHOLSON, Wallingford, and in Danby, and was admitted to the bar in 1862. He was editor of the Rutland Herald several years, and has practiced law since about 1862, first in Wallingford and since 1868 in Rutland. He is a partner of Charles L. HOWE.

      Charles L. HOWE was born in Mount Tabor, Rutland county, in 1855. He is a graduate of the New York College of Pharmacy and was engaged as druggist seven years. He began the study of law with Joel C. BAKER in 1879, and was admitted to the bar in March, 1882. He has been associated with Joel C. BAKER since April 1, 1882.

      James C. BARRETT was born in Woodstock, Vt., in 1852. He was graduated from Dartmouth College in 1874 and studied law at Woodstock with William E. JOHNSON. He was admitted to the bar in 1877, practicing since 1878 in Rutland. He has been associated with James BARRETT since 1882.

      James BARRETT was born in Strafford, Vt, in 1814. He was graduated from Dartmouth College in 1838, studying law in Buffalo and later in Woodstock, Vt. He was admitted to the bar in 1842. He first practiced in Woodstock and then in Boston; thence returned to Woodstock where he practiced until elected judge of the Supreme Court (1867), which office he held until 1880. He came to Rutland in 1882 and is a partner of James C. BARRETT.

      Edwin EDGERTON, though not now in active practice, is a member of the county bar. He was born in Windsor county, Vt., February 13, 1801, and was admitted to the bar in that county in December, 1825. He came to Rutland in March, 1844, and practiced until 1875. He was for a time in partnership with Edgar L. ORMSBEE and had several other partners, but was at the head of the business himself, as a rule. He is now enjoying a vigorous old age. 

      John D. SPELLMAN was born in Rutland, November 4, 1855. He received his education in the common schools; studied law in the office of the Hon. C. H. JOYCE, George E. LAWRENCE and REDINGTON & BUTLER. He was admitted to the bar in March, 1882, and has since practiced in Rutland.

      Warren H. SMITH was born in Brookfield, Vt., March 25, 1818. He was educated in Randolph Academy and studied law at Randolph with William NUTTING, being a classmate of Judge HIBBARD. He was admitted to the bar June 1, 1843, practicing in Poultney until March, 1848. He then came to Rutland; was justice of the peace from 1848 to 1875, and chairman of the committee of the bar for the examination of candidates.

      Frederick SWININGTON was born in Leicester, Addison county, Vt., December 14, 1849. He graduated from Middlebury College in the class of 1875; and studied law with PROUT & WALKER and in the Harvard Law School; was admitted to the bar in March, 1878, since which date he has practiced in Rutland.

      David E. NICHOLSON was born in Tinmouth, Vt., June 7, 1813, and was educated in the common and select schools; studied law in Wallingford with Judge Harvey BUTTON. He was admitted to the bar in 1843 and practiced at Wallingford until 1865, when he came to Rutland. Was senator from Rutland two terms, State's attorney two terms, represented Wallingford two terms in the Legislature, State railroad commissioner two terms; he is now in his second term as assistant county judge.

      Aldace F. WALKER was born in Rutland, May 11, 1842; was educated at Middlebury College, graduating in 1862. He studied law in New York city and was admitted to the bar there in 1867; he practiced there until 1873, when he came to Rutland. He is now a member of the firm of PROUT & WALKER.

      E.D. MERRILL was born in Wellsville, Vt., in 185 1. He was graduated from the Chandler Scientific School of Dartmouth College in 1872. He studied law in Rutland with REDINGTON & BUTLER, and was admitted to the bar in 1883.

      D.N. HAYNES was born in Wallingford in 1858, and studied law with Joel C. BAKER, of Rutland; he was admitted to the bar in 1883. During the year 1882 he attended the Albany Law School.

      Edward D. REARDON was born at Newport, N. H., October 28, 1856; he read law with Hon. Edmund BURKE in that place and was admitted to practice in 1880. He practiced in Hamilton county, Mo., during 1880-81 and came to Rutland in the spring of 1882. He was city attorney and city clerk of Hamilton county while there, and is at present deputy collector of internal revenue for this district. 

      J.E. MANLEY was born at Sutherland Falls in the town of Rutland, Vt, February 15, 1831. He was educated at the common schools and at Castleton Seminary, from which he graduated in July, 1864. He settled in West Rutland and engaged in the marble business in 1857; was elected justice of the peace for the town of Rutland in 1859 and held the office and was trial justice for thirteen years; read law with C. H. JOYCE and was admitted to the Rutland county bar in 1875; became a member of the Supreme Court of Vermont in 1877. During all of this period he has been engaged more or less in the marble industry and is at present manager and principal owner of the Standard Marble Company, organized in 1883.
 
 
 
 
 

History of Rutland County Vermont with Illustrations and Biographical 
Sketches of Some of Its Prominent Men and Pioneers
Edited by H. Y. Smith & W. S. Rann
Syracuse, N. Y.
D. Mason & Co., Publishers  1886
History of the Town of Rutland
Chapter XIX.
(pages 378-392)

Transcribed by Karima, 2002